Sulfurizing Molybdenum Dithiocarbamates with Carbon Disulfide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for preparing high-sulfurized molybdenum dithiocarbamates involve the use of toxic hydrogen sulfide or its sources, making the process hazardous and inefficient, while also requiring longer processing times.
Innovation Solution
The use of carbon disulfide as a sulfurization source instead of hydrogen sulfide, allowing for a safer, more economical, and faster process to produce higher sulfurized molybdenum dithiocarbamates by exchanging oxygen-bound molybdenum with sulfur, with carbon dioxide as a by-product, under controlled pressure and temperature conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If hydrogen sulfide or its sources are used as sulfurization source, then sulfurized molybdenum dithiocarbamates can be prepared, but the process becomes hazardous and toxic
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces toxic hydrogen sulfide with carbon disulfide as the sulfurization source. Carbon disulfide is less toxic and can be easily removed from the reaction mixture through evaporation, making the process safer and more environmentally friendly while maintaining the desired sulfurization effect.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful toxicity of hydrogen sulfide into a beneficial approach by using carbon disulfide, which is less toxic and can be removed through evaporation. This transformation eliminates the hazardous effects while maintaining the sulfurization function.
2Productivity
If conventional sulfurization methods are used, then molybdenum dithiocarbamates can be produced, but the process requires longer processing times
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the sulfurization source from hydrogen sulfide to carbon disulfide, which fundamentally alters the reaction kinetics. This parameter change enables the reaction to proceed faster, reducing the processing time from hours to minutes while maintaining high sulfur content in the product.
3Quantity of substance
If hydrogen sulfide is used for sulfurization, then high sulfur content can be achieved, but the process becomes more complex and less economical
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive and complex hydrogen sulfide handling systems with carbon disulfide, which is cheaper and easier to manage. Carbon disulfide can be simply evaporated from the reaction mixture, eliminating the need for complex sulfur removal systems and reducing overall process complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the sulfurization function from the complex hydrogen sulfide system and implements it through carbon disulfide evaporation. This extraction simplifies the process by removing the need for complex sulfur handling and removal systems, while still achieving high sulfur content in the final product.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in a simpler, safer, and more economical process with significantly reduced processing time, particularly for liquid MoDTCs, while maintaining or improving the antioxidant and antifriction properties of the compounds.
Implementation Method 1
carbon disulfide can function as a reagent that will sulfurize molybdenum dithiocarbamates, acting as a source to exchange oxygen bound to molybdenum with sulfur, with the production of carbon dioxide as the by-product
Implementation Method 2
The reaction mixture is heated to reflux and maintained at reflux for a period of time. The reaction mixture is then cooled to a temperature below the boiling point of carbon disulfide. The pressure is then reduced to a level below the vapor pressure of carbon disulfide, causing carbon disulfide to evaporate from the reaction mixture.
Data Source
AI summary
A process is provided for the manufacture of highly sulfurized metal dithiocarbamates, such as molybdenum dithiocarbamate. A metal source source, water and a reagent amine are heated under pressure with carbon disulfide.