Contactless Energy Transfer Control via Model Parameter Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Contactless electrical energy transfer systems face challenges in efficiently controlling and monitoring power transfer efficiency, especially in applications with weak coupling factors and large air gaps, such as electric vehicle charging, where existing methods either only initiate energy transfer or require complex synchronization and communication.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that continuously updates model parameters of the contactless electrical energy transfer system using measured operation parameters from one side, allowing for iterative convergence to an optimal operating point without requiring accurate phase angle measurement between the primary and secondary sides, thus enabling efficient power control and error detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the secondary coil circuit is shorted for parameter estimation, then system parameters can be determined, but energy transfer cannot occur during this phase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs parameter estimation by shorting the secondary coil circuit before normal energy transfer operation begins. This preliminary action establishes accurate system parameters (inductance, coupling factor) that are then used to control subsequent energy transfer, resolving the contradiction between measurement accuracy and productivity.
2Reliability
If traditional threshold-based control is used, then system operation can be detected, but optimal operating point cannot be determined
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously measures operation parameters (voltages and currents) and uses feedback control to iteratively adjust the operating point toward the optimal efficiency point. This feedback mechanism enables both reliable operation detection and maximization of power transfer efficiency, resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity.
3Productivity
If phase angle measurement between primary and secondary sides is implemented, then power transfer control can be improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces an intermediary mathematical model that relates primary and secondary side parameters without requiring direct phase angle measurement. This model acts as a mediator, enabling power transfer control through measured parameters alone, thus improving productivity while avoiding the complexity of precise synchronization.
4Measurement precision
If high-speed wireless communication is used for synchronization, then phase alignment can be achieved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a mathematical model as an intermediary to bridge the primary and secondary sides without requiring high-speed wireless communication for synchronization. This approach achieves the necessary coordination through parameter relationships rather than direct communication, reducing system complexity and cost while maintaining measurement precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach ensures continuous monitoring and optimization of power transfer efficiency, maintaining system alignment and detecting errors, even with weak coupling, without the need for high-speed wireless communication or precise phase angle synchronization.
Implementation Method 1
The primary coil, which is driven by an alternating current (AC), generates an electromagnetic field which induces an alternating current in the secondary coil
Data Source
Figure 1
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Figure 4
AI summary
Method of operating a contactless electrical energy transfer (CEET) system comprising a first side and a second side comprising respectively a first inductive coil circuit and a second inductive coil circuit configured to transfer power between one another. The CEET system is operated in an operating point defined by values of input parameters. A model of the CEET system is provided defined by at least one first model parameter defining the first side and at least one second model parameter defining the second side. Values of first operation parameters are measured at the first side in the operating point, while transferring electrical power between the first side and the second side. An adapted value of the at least one second model parameter is determined on the basis of the values of the first operation parameters and the at least one first model parameter, e.g. without use of the values of the second operation parameters. A CEET system in which the above method is implemented is provided as well.