Ceramic Matrix Composite Infiltration to Limit Void Formation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional reactive melt infiltration manufacturing practices for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) result in void formation during re-working, repairing, or joining processes due to the drainage of alloy through capillary actions, leading to defects in already-infiltrated MI-CMC components.

Innovation Solution

The use of pre-saturated wicks and controlled infiltrant feedstocks with specific melting points and compositions to prevent alloy back-drawing, ensuring continuous alloy supply and minimizing void formation during secondary melt infiltration steps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of repair

If conventional reactive melt infiltration manufacturing practices are used for re-working, repairing, or joining MI-CMC components, then the components can be re-worked or repaired, but void formation occurs due to alloy drainage through capillary actions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvere-working, repairing, or joining capabilityVSAvoidvoid formation and defects
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The wicks are pre-saturated with infiltrant material before the secondary melt infiltration process. This preliminary saturation ensures that the wicks contain sufficient alloy to supply the targeted area during repair or re-working operations, preventing alloy drainage and void formation in already-infiltrated regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Saturated wicks serve as intermediary material between the infiltrant source and the targeted area of the MI-CMC component. The wicks act as a controlled release mechanism, providing steady alloy supply through capillary action without causing drainage into already-infiltrated regions, thus preventing void formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Quantity of substance

If alloy is supplied during secondary infiltration steps, then the targeted area can be re-infiltrated, but alloy drains through capillary actions causing void formation in already-infiltrated areas

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealloy supply to targeted areaVSAvoidalloy drainage and void formation
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The infiltrant material is locally concentrated in the saturated wicks positioned adjacent to or in contact with the targeted area. This localized saturation ensures that alloy is supplied precisely where needed during secondary infiltration, while preventing unwanted drainage into already-infiltrated regions, thus avoiding void formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The saturation level of the wicks is controlled and optimized to contain the appropriate amount of infiltrant material. By adjusting the saturation parameter, the system achieves balanced alloy supply to the targeted area while preventing excessive drainage that would cause voids in previously infiltrated regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively limits void formation in MI-CMC components by maintaining alloy saturation within the wicks, thereby enhancing the integrity and density of the components during re-working, repairing, or joining processes.

Implementation Method 1

The saturated wick is configured to deliver the molten infiltrant material to the targeted area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 2

a preform of fibers and matrix constituents is infiltrated with a molten material which produces a ceramic matrix when reacting with the matrix constituents

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reaction: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentEP4635933A1Systems and methods for limiting void formation in ceramic matrix composite components
Publication Date: 2025.10.22 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4635933A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4635933A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4635933A1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A method (200) for limiting void formation in a melt-infiltrated ceramic matrix composite (MI-CMC) component includes arranging one or more infiltrant feedstocks (252) in fluid communication with a targeted area of the MI-CMC component. The one or more infiltrant feedstocks (252) have a nominal melting point at or below a nominal melting point of an alloy within the MI CMC component. The method (200) includes heating the one or more infiltrant feedstocks (252) to a first temperature at or above the nominal melting point of the one or more infiltrant feedstocks (252) to form a molten phase. The method (200) also includes infiltrating the targeted area of the MI-CMC component with the molten phase. As such, the molten phase reacts with a solid phase in the targeted area of the MI-CMC component. Further, the method (200) includes cooling the MI-CMC component to a second temperature that is below the first temperature to solidify the molten phase.