Clock Gating Device for Independent Core Testing

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Solution Overview

Problem

In integrated circuits with clock mesh architecture, testing multiple cores simultaneously is challenging due to the inability of conventional clock mesh technology to generate independent shift and capture clock pulses, preventing effective testing of circuit blocks with a shared system clock signal.

Innovation Solution

A clock gating device with a multiplexing mechanism that generates slow clock pulses with a 50% duty cycle by selecting between two input signals based on shift and capture clock enable signals, allowing for independent testing of multiple cores within the same clock domain.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional clock mesh technology is used to distribute system clock signals to multiple cores, then clock signal distribution is achieved, but independent generation of shift and capture clock pulses for testing multiple cores is prevented

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveIndependent testing capability of multiple coresVSAvoidClock distribution architecture
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the clock distribution system into multiple independent clock domains, each serving a specific core. Each clock domain includes its own clock gating device that can independently generate shift and capture clock pulses. This segmentation allows each core to be tested independently while sharing the same physical clock mesh infrastructure, resolving the contradiction between versatility and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces clock gating devices as intermediary components between the system clock signal source and the individual cores. These gating devices act as mediators that can selectively enable or disable clock signals to specific cores and generate the required shift/capture pulse sequences. This intermediary layer provides the needed independence without requiring fundamental changes to the clock mesh architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Speed

If high frequency system clock signals are used to speed up circuit operation, then operating speed is improved, but power dissipation increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCircuit operating speedVSAvoidPower dissipation
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic clock gating where clock signals are delivered in pulsed sequences rather than continuously. The clock gating devices generate periodic enable signals that activate the clock signal only during required operation windows. This periodic action maintains high-speed operation when needed while significantly reducing average power dissipation during idle or testing periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic clock frequency and enable control through clock gating devices that can adjust clock delivery based on operational requirements. During normal operation, full-frequency clocks are provided to maximize speed. During testing or idle periods, the clock gating dynamically reduces or suspends clock signals to minimize power consumption, thus adapting the system's energy consumption to its instantaneous needs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If clock gating devices are added to enable independent core testing, then testing versatility is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveIndependent core testing capabilityVSAvoidClock gating infrastructure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the clock gating devices to perform multiple functions: they gate clock signals to individual cores, generate shift and capture pulse sequences, and provide independent control for each core's testing needs. By making these gating devices multi-functional, the patent reduces the need for separate dedicated circuits for each function, thereby limiting the increase in overall device complexity while achieving the desired testing versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentUS11085965B2Clock gating and scan clock generation for circuit test
Publication Date: 2021.08.10 SIEMENS INDUSTRY SOFTWARE INC
  • US11085965B2 patent drawing
  • US11085965B2 patent drawing
  • US11085965B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A circuit comprises a clock gating device. The clock gating device comprises a multiplexing device and circuitry for generating multiplexer input signals. The selector input of the multiplexing device is coupled to a clock signal. The multiplexing device selects the first input signal to send to an output of the multiplexing device when the selector input is set to “0” and selects the second input signal to send to the output of the multiplexing device outputted when the selector input is set to “1”. The circuitry for generating multiplexer input signals is configured to ensure the timing of the transitions on the output are derived from the timing of the transitions of the clock signal and not by the timing of the transition of the first and second inputs of the multiplexing device.