Coil Switching Circuit With Bidirectional Energy Reset for Low-Heat Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing contactors and relays face high power consumption and reduced lifespan due to excessive heat generation when handling high voltage inputs, necessitating additional cooling measures like auxiliary heat sinks or TVS circuits, which are inefficient and prone to breakdown.
Innovation Solution
A switching device employing a coil energy bidirectional reset technology and capacitive coupling, utilizing multiple energy-consuming units and voltage/current detection to manage energy release through diodes and power supply units, allowing efficient energy consumption and distribution across various voltage ranges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If IGBT buck circuit is used to reduce high voltage to low voltage for control circuits, then voltage reduction is achieved, but power consumption of IGBTs becomes excessive requiring auxiliary heat sink
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic switching action through the oscillating circuit, where the switching element alternates between on and off states to transfer energy from the input voltage source to the output. This periodic operation allows the circuit to achieve voltage reduction without continuous high power dissipation in the switching element, as energy is transferred in controlled pulses rather than continuously.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an oscillating circuit as an intermediary between the high voltage input and the control circuits. This oscillating circuit acts as a mediator that transforms the high voltage input into usable low voltage output through resonant energy transfer, avoiding direct high-power switching operations that would generate excessive heat in the IGBTs.
2Reliability
If TVS circuit is used for voltage reduction, then voltage protection is provided, but TVS breaks down resulting in high power consumption and high temperatures reducing power supply circuit life
Solution Approach 1:
The oscillating circuit operates periodically, allowing energy to be transferred in controlled cycles rather than through continuous high-stress breakdown operations. This periodic operation significantly reduces the thermal and electrical stress on protection elements, preventing the kind of breakdown that occurs in TVS circuits and thereby extending the power supply circuit's operational life.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameters of the voltage protection mechanism by using resonant frequency operation instead of breakdown operation. By operating at specific resonant frequencies, the circuit achieves voltage transformation and protection without the excessive power dissipation and thermal stress that cause TVS circuit failure, thus maintaining reliability while extending component lifespan.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple coils are arranged in mechanical contactors to cope with different voltage levels, then voltage adaptability is achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The oscillating circuit serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a voltage transformer, a protection circuit, and a power supply for control circuits. This multi-functional design allows the same circuit topology to handle different voltage levels and provide protection, eliminating the need for multiple separate coils and associated control circuits, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining voltage adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic switching elements that can adapt their operation to different input voltage levels, replacing the static multiple-coil approach. The switching element dynamically adjusts its switching parameters based on the input voltage, allowing a single coil and oscillating circuit to replace multiple fixed-voltage coils, thus simplifying the device structure while maintaining adaptability to different voltage levels.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides efficient energy management, reducing power consumption and improving the robustness and lifespan of the circuit by utilizing multiple energy paths and capacitive coupling, thus minimizing heat generation and maintaining stable operation across wide voltage ranges.
Implementation Method 1
control circuits control the electromagnetic system that generates a magnetic field, which in turn controls the opening and closing of the contacts
Implementation Method 2
coil energy bidirectional reset technology and capacitive coupling technology
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a switching device (100) comprising a coil (Coil) connected in series, a first switch (Q1) and a second switch (Q2). The switching device further comprises a first diode (D1) with the anode connected to a second end of the coil and the cathode connected to a high potential terminal (101); a second diode (D2) with the anode connected to a low potential terminal (102) and the cathode connected to a first end of the coil ; a first power supply unit (110), the first end of which is connected to the second end of the coil and the second end of which is connected to the low potential end (102), and the output end of which outputs a first supply voltage; a current detection unit (170), which is connected between the second end of the second switch and the low potential end; a voltage detection unit (150), which is connected between the high potential end (101) and the low potential end; and a control unit (140). The invention also relates to a method for controlling the switching device, wherein the control unit controls the second switch to be switched off and on within a time period in which the first switch is switched off in response to the input voltage being greater than the voltage threshold.