Coin Cell Electrolyte Composition for Low-Temperature High Output
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Solution Overview
Problem
Small-sized non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, such as coin-type batteries, face challenges in achieving high output characteristics capable of supplying a large current while maintaining sufficient discharge capacity over a wide temperature range, particularly in low-temperature environments.
Innovation Solution
The formulation of the electrolyte solution is optimized by using a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and dimethoxyethane (DME) at specific ratios, combined with lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) as the supporting salt, and an insulating sealing structure within the battery container to enhance electrical conductivity and prevent viscosity increase at low temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional electrolyte solution formulation is used in small-sized non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, then the battery structure is compact, but high output characteristics capable of supplying large current cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the electrolyte solution formulation with specific ratios of PC, EC, and DME solvents combined with LiFSI supporting salt. This chemical parameter optimization enables small-sized batteries to achieve high output characteristics by improving ionic conductivity and reducing internal resistance, thereby supplying large current despite the compact volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite electrolyte system combining multiple solvent types (cyclic carbonates PC and EC with chain-like ether DME) and LiFSI supporting salt. This composite formulation creates synergistic effects that enhance both the power output and capacity characteristics in small-sized batteries, resolving the contradiction between compact size and high output capability.
2Temperature
If conventional electrolyte solution formulation is used, then the battery can operate at room temperature, but sufficient discharge capacity cannot be maintained in low-temperature environments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the electrolyte solution by incorporating DME (dimethoxyethane) which has lower viscosity and remains fluid at low temperatures. The specific formulation ratio of PC:EC:DME = 0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5:1 to 3 ensures the electrolyte maintains adequate ionic conductivity across a wide temperature range, preserving discharge capacity in cold environments while operating at room temperature.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by having different solvent components serve specific temperature ranges: PC and EC provide stability at higher temperatures and room temperature, while DME ensures low-temperature fluidity and ionic mobility. This differentiated functional assignment within the electrolyte composition enables broad temperature adaptability without sacrificing discharge capacity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables small-sized non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries to supply a large current and maintain high capacity over a wide temperature range, including low-temperature environments, with improved electrical conductivity and reduced internal resistance, effectively addressing the limitations of existing battery formulations.
Implementation Method 1
an electrolyte solution containing a supporting salt and a non-aqueous solvent such as an organic solvent
Implementation Method 2
The formulation of the electrolyte solution is optimized by using a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and dimethoxyethane (DME) at specific ratios, combined with lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) as the supporting salt, and an insulating sealing structure within the battery container to enhance electrical conductivity and prevent viscosity increase at low temperatures.
Implementation Method 3
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes, in a sealed storage container, a pair of polarizable electrodes consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution impregnated in the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator
Implementation Method 4
a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing a silicon oxide (SiOx) as a negative electrode active material in the negative electrode is particularly used as a small-sized non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery such as a coin-type (button-type) battery because of its high discharge capacity
Data Source
AI summary
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, an electrolyte solution, and a storage container in which the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the electrolyte solution are arranged in an internal storage space, in which at least one of the positive electrode or the negative electrode is in the form of a pellet containing an active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, the separator is formed of a glass fiber non-woven fabric, and the electrolyte solution contains, as the organic solvent, a mixed solution consisting of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and dimethoxyethane at a volume ratio in a range of {PC:EC:DME}={0.5 to 1.5:0.5 to 1.5:1 to 3}, and contains, as the supporting salt, 2 to 7 (mol/L) of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.