Transition Metal Colored Glass for Ion-Exchange Strengthening
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing glass compositions used in electronic devices lack chemical strengthening and coloration without post-forming heat treatment, and require high melting temperatures, leading to defects and reduced compressive stress.
Innovation Solution
Development of silicate glasses containing transition metal oxides as colorants, with specific compositions that allow for chemical strengthening and coloration through ion exchange, eliminating the need for post-forming heat treatment and enabling high compressive stress and damage resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional glass compositions are used, then manufacturing is simpler, but damage resistance is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies glass composition parameters by incorporating specific transition metal oxides (Fe2O3, CuO, MnO2, Co3O4, NiO, Cr2O3, V2O5, TiO2) in controlled amounts (0.01-5 wt%) to simultaneously achieve high damage resistance (Vickers crack initiation threshold ≥15 kgf) and maintain manufacturability through ion exchangeable composition design
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite glass system combining silicate network with transition metal oxide colorants and ion exchangeable modifiers (Na2O, K2O, CaO, MgO, Al2O3, B2O3, P2O5), achieving synergistic effects where the transition metals provide both coloration and enhanced mechanical strength without requiring post-forming heat treatment
2Stability of the object's composition
If post-forming heat treatment is applied for coloration, then color quality is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The transition metal oxides are incorporated into the glass batch during the melting and forming process, where they naturally dissolve in the glass matrix and provide stable coloration without requiring subsequent heat treatment steps. This preliminary incorporation eliminates the need for post-forming coloration treatments
Solution Approach 2:
The transition metal oxides serve dual functions simultaneously: they act as both colorants and network modifiers that enhance chemical strength and enable ion exchangeability. The glass composition self-provides both coloration and strengthening properties during standard manufacturing, eliminating the need for separate post-forming operations
3Stability of the object's composition
If transition metal oxides are added for coloration, then color quality is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes specific compositional ranges for transition metal oxides (0.01-5 wt%) and other glass components (SiO2: 40-80 wt%, Al2O3: 0.1-10 wt%, B2O3: 0.1-10 wt%, P2O5: 0.1-10 wt%) to ensure consistent coloration and ion exchangeability while maintaining manufacturability. These parameter specifications allow for standard manufacturing tolerances
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The silicate glasses achieve high Vickers crack initiation thresholds, deep compressive stress layers, and are fusion formable, providing enhanced durability and color without additional processing steps.
Implementation Method 1
at least one transition metal colorant, the transition metal oxide colorant comprising at least one of V2O5, NiO, CuO, Cr2O3, MnO2, Fe2O3, Co3O4, Nb2O5, and TiO2
Implementation Method 2
glasses that are capable of chemical strengthening by ion exchange
Data Source
AI summary
Glasses that can be chemically strengthened and are colored by transition metals. Most of the glasses are black, with some having high damage resistance and compressive surface layers having high compressive stress and depth of layer after ion exchange. These colored glasses do not require a post-forming heat treatment to produce color and are formable by fusions drawing, rolling, slot drawing, and float glass processes.