Composite Plating Wear Resistance via Selenium Additives
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional composite plated products with carbon particles in a silver layer have high friction and low wear resistance, making them unsuitable for long-life contact and terminal applications, and increasing current density during plating deteriorates their wear resistance.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a composite plating solution with carbon particles treated by oxidation and a silver matrix orientation adjusting agent, specifically selenium ions, is used to form a coating on a substrate, adjusting the molar ratio of silver to free cyanide ions to prevent wear resistance deterioration and enhance productivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the current density in the plating process is increased to improve productivity, then the production efficiency increases, but the wear resistance of the composite plated product deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the plating solution by introducing specific organic additives and controlling the ratio of cyanide to silver ions. This modifies the plating mechanism to allow high current density operation without forming loose, non-adherent coatings, thus maintaining wear resistance while improving productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The organic additives in the plating solution act as intermediaries that mediate between the silver ions and the substrate during plating. These additives control the deposition process to ensure proper adhesion and wear resistance even at high current densities, preventing the deterioration of coating quality
2Object-generated harmful factors
If conventional composite plating methods are used with carbon particles in silver matrix, then the basic lubrication function is achieved, but the wear resistance remains low and friction coefficient is high
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite plating system containing carbon particles, organic additives, and silver matrix. The organic additives form a specific molecular structure that works synergistically with carbon particles to reduce friction and enhance wear resistance, going beyond simple carbon-silver composites
Solution Approach 2:
The plating solution creates local quality variations in the coating by distributing organic additives and carbon particles in specific configurations. This results in different functional zones within the coating that collectively provide both lubrication and high wear resistance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method produces a composite plated product with improved wear resistance and reduced friction, allowing for increased productivity and extended lifespan of contact and terminal components.
Implementation Method 1
carbon particles treated by an oxidation treatment
Implementation Method 2
electroplating a substrate in the composite plating solution to form a coating of a composite material, which contains the treated carbon particles in a silver layer, on the substrate
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
There is provided a method for producing a composite plated product wherein a coating of a composite material containing carbon particles in a silver layer is formed on a substrate by using a composite plating solution wherein carbon particles treated by an oxidation treatment and a silver matrix orientation adjusting agent are added to a silver plating solution, the method being capable of preventing the wear resistance of the composite plated product from being deteriorated even if the current density in a plating process is increased. The molar ratio of silver to free cyanogen in the composite plating solution is adjusted so as not to be less than 0.7, preferably so as to be in the range of from 0.7 to 1.3. The silver matrix orientation adjusting agent contains selenium ions, and is preferably potassium selenocyanate. The concentration of the silver matrix orientation adjusting agent in the composite plating solution is adjusted so as to be in the range of from 5 mg/l to 20 mg/l.