Conductive Fabric Weaving for Signal Routing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Forming conductive structures in fabric-based items is challenging due to the risk of unintended shorts and open circuits, which can prevent the items from functioning properly.

Innovation Solution

The development of a weaving technique that uses interwoven conductive and insulating strands, where conductive strands are selectively coupled or isolated at intersections to form desired conductive paths, allowing for the creation of signal routing paths, capacitive touch sensor electrodes, or resistive sensors within the fabric.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conductive strands are interwoven in fabric to form conductive structures, then electrical conductivity is improved, but unintended shorts and open circuits occur reducing reliability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefunctional reliabilityVSAvoidconductive path precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The fabric is divided into multiple layers with conductive strands positioned at different levels. Insulating layers are inserted between conductive layers to segment the conductive paths, preventing unintended electrical connections while maintaining the desired conductive routes through precise layer stacking and strand positioning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The fabric structure employs varying local properties by positioning conductive and insulating strands differently at different locations and layers. Conductive strands are selectively placed to create conductive paths where needed, while insulating strands are positioned to prevent shorts, creating locally optimized electrical characteristics throughout the fabric.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Adaptability or versatility

If conductive strands are positioned to form complex conductive paths, then adaptability is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconductive path configurationVSAvoidweaving structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from two-dimensional planar conductive paths to three-dimensional conductive structures by utilizing multiple fabric layers stacked in the vertical dimension. Conductive strands can be positioned at different heights and depths, enabling complex conductive paths that utilize vertical space to achieve adaptability without increasing horizontal complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The fabric structure implements nested configurations where insulating layers are embedded within multi-layer constructions, and conductive strands are positioned within specific layers. This nesting allows complex conductive paths to be formed by selectively connecting strands across nested layers while insulating layers provide structural organization and electrical isolation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Data Source

PatentEP3256627B1Woven fabric with conductive paths
Publication Date: 2020.10.14 APPLE INC
  • EP3256627B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3256627B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3256627B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5

AI summary

Weaving equipment may include warp strand positioning equipment that positions warp strands and weft strand positioning equipment that inserts weft strands among the warp strands to form fabric. The fabric may include insulating strands and conductive strands. Conductive strands may run orthogonal to each other and may cross at open circuit and short circuit intersections. The fabric may be formed using pairs of interwoven warp and weft strands. Conductive warp and weft strands may be interposed within the pairs of strands. The fabric may be a single layer fabric or may contain two or more layers. Stacked warp strands may be formed between pairs of adjacent insulating warp strands. The stacked warp strands may include insulating and conductive strands. Touch sensors and other components may include conductive structures that are formed from the conductive strands in the fabric.