Conical Gas Channel SOFC Structure for Stack Sealing and Diffusion

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Solution Overview

Problem

High-temperature solid oxide fuel cells face challenges in electrical contacts, mechanical stability, gas diffusion, and integration into reactor stacks, particularly due to unchanging gas channel cross-sections which lead to inefficiencies and installation complexities.

Innovation Solution

Designing gas channels and substrates with varying conically tapering cross-sections along the length of the fuel cells, incorporating features like threads, recesses, and coatings to enhance electrical connections, mechanical strength, and gas diffusion, while simplifying integration and sealing within a stack system.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If gas channels have an unchanging cross-section, then the cell structure is simple to manufacture, but electrical connections are poor and gas diffusion is inefficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell structure simplicityVSAvoidelectrical conduction efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by varying the cross-sectional dimensions of gas channels along their length. Specifically, the gas channel cross-section changes from a first dimension at one end to a second dimension at the other end, creating different local geometries that optimize both electrical connection areas and gas diffusion characteristics in different regions of the cell

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Ease of manufacture

If gas channels have an unchanging cross-section, then manufacturing is easier, but mechanical stability is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell structure simplicityVSAvoidmechanical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements parameter changes by systematically varying the cross-sectional dimensions of gas channels along their length. This gradual parameter variation optimizes mechanical stress distribution throughout the cell structure, enhancing overall mechanical stability while maintaining manufacturability through controlled geometric transitions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If gas channels have an unchanging cross-section, then the cell design is simple, but integration into stack is complex and sealing is difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell design simplicityVSAvoidintegration and sealing ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry by designing gas channels with non-uniform cross-sections that create asymmetric geometries. This asymmetry enables better integration into stack systems by providing improved sealing surfaces and more effective mechanical interlocking between adjacent cells, while the asymmetric design remains manufacturable through standardized forming processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

4Ease of manufacture

If gas channel cross-section is constant, then manufacturing is simpler, but gas diffusion efficiency is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell structure simplicityVSAvoidgas diffusion efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by varying the cross-sectional dimensions of gas channels along their length. Specifically, the gas channel cross-section changes from a first dimension at one end to a second dimension at the other end, creating different local geometries that optimize both electrical connection areas and gas diffusion characteristics in different regions of the cell

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP2436078B1Oxide-ceramic high-temperature fuel cell
Publication Date: 2024.02.21 KRAFTWERK ASSETS INC
  • EP2436078B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2436078B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2436078B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to high- temperature solid oxide fuel cells, in particular to rotationally symmetrical high- temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The inventive oxide-ceramic high- temperature fuel cell having one or more gas channel (s) open at at least one end. The fuel cell has a substrate surrounding the gas channel (s) at least sectionally, preferably completely. The gas channel (s) and/or the substrate surrounding the gas channel (s) has/have (a) changing cross-sections (s), preferably (a) conically tapering cross -section (s), seen in the direction of the longitudinal axis/axes of the gas channel (s). oxide-ceramic high-temperature fuel cell