Bidirectional Converter Regulator for Electric Starter Current Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electricity supply systems for transport vehicles face challenges such as dynamic overload of the electric starter and increased risk of overheating in the capacitor bank and bidirectional converter, particularly at higher ambient temperatures, which limits their operational life and reliability, especially in Start-Stop mode.
Innovation Solution
The system incorporates a thermal sensor connected to the regulator, allowing the bidirectional converter to adjust its voltage-current characteristics based on temperature, reducing the maximum current flowing into the electric network and compensating for temperature-dependent changes in the accumulator battery current, thereby stabilizing the electric starter load current and preventing overheating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Weight of stationary object
If a bidirectional converter and capacitor bank are used to reduce accumulator battery current, then the accumulator battery size can be reduced, but dynamic overload of the electric starter occurs at higher temperatures due to reduced battery internal resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a regulator that receives feedback from temperature sensors and adjusts the bidirectional converter operation accordingly. When temperature increases and battery internal resistance decreases, the regulator reduces the maximum current from the capacitor bank to prevent electric starter overload, maintaining system reliability while still enabling battery size reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the voltage-current characteristics of the bidirectional converter based on temperature conditions. The regulator adjusts current limits and voltage thresholds according to thermal sensor readings, optimizing the power distribution between accumulator battery and capacitor bank to prevent electric starter damage while maintaining the ability to use a smaller battery.
2Power
If full power commutation is implemented in the smooth start device, then the electric starter can be powered adequately, but significant energy losses occur and heat dissipation requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of implementing full power commutation, the system uses partial action by limiting the maximum current from the capacitor bank through the bidirectional converter. The regulator adjusts the current threshold to provide adequate power during normal conditions while preventing excessive energy losses and heat generation, achieving a balance between power delivery and efficiency.
3Reliability
If the accumulator battery internal resistance increases at low temperatures, then the battery size must be increased to compensate, but this increases the overall system weight and size
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor bank acts as an intermediary energy storage device that compensates for the accumulator battery's temperature-dependent internal resistance changes. During cold conditions, the capacitor bank provides additional current support, allowing the use of a smaller accumulator battery while maintaining reliable operation across temperature ranges.
4Power
If the maximum current from the bidirectional converter is increased to handle higher temperature conditions, then more power is available, but the probability of capacitor bank and converter failure due to overheating increases
Solution Approach 1:
The regulator continuously monitors temperature through thermal sensors and adjusts the maximum current output of the bidirectional converter in real-time. When temperature rises, the regulator automatically reduces the current threshold to prevent overheating and component failure, while still providing adequate power during cooler operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces the temperature dependence of the electric starter in-rush current, stabilizes the load current, and widens the system's functional capabilities, enhancing the operational life and reliability of the electric starter and the electricity supply system, ensuring effective operation in Start-Stop mode with reduced risk of overheating.
Implementation Method 1
the internal resistance of the accumulator battery increases 2-3 times when temperature is reduced, in comparison with normal climatic conditions
Implementation Method 2
significant energy losses and requires a corresponding heat dissipation
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering. An electricity supply system for a transport vehicle contains an electric network (1) with negative and positive wires, to which are connected an accumulator battery (2) and an electric starter (3); a capacitor bank (4); a bidirectional converter (5), which is connected between the capacitor bank and the electric network; a regulator (6); and a temperature sensor (11). Voltage from the capacitor bank is fed to an input (10) of the regulator, an additional input (12) of the regulator is connected to the temperature sensor, and outputs of the regulator are connected to control inputs (7, 8, 9) of the bidirectional converter, which bidirectional converter, in accordance with a signal at the control inputs, is capable of changing the parameters of its own volt-ampere characteristics at the outputs on the side of the electric network. The regulator is carried out in a way that the maximum current flowing from the bidirectional converter to the electric network is a decreasing function of the temperature-sensor temperature. The invention extends the service life of an electric starter and enhances the reliability of an electricity supply system.