Copper Surface Stabilization Layer for PCB Adhesion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for enhancing adhesion between copper surfaces and resin layers in printed circuit boards rely on roughening the copper surface, which leads to mechanical instability, acid solubility issues, and poor repeatability, limiting miniaturization and increasing production costs.

Innovation Solution

A method of forming a stabilization layer on the copper surface through controlled oxidation and reduction processes using surface modifier compounds, which creates a self-limiting oxide layer with a thickness of about 200 nanometers or less, maintaining a smooth surface morphology and enhancing adhesion without mechanical anchors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If the copper surface is roughened to increase adhesion, then the bonding strength to resin layer is improved, but the surface topography becomes irregular and mechanical stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding strengthVSAvoidmechanical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the chemical composition and structure of the copper surface by forming a controlled oxide layer through oxidation treatment, then modifies it with organic compounds to create a surface that provides strong adhesion without roughening. This chemical parameter change replaces the mechanical roughening approach, maintaining surface smoothness while achieving enhanced bonding strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If the copper surface is roughened to increase adhesion, then the bonding strength to resin layer is improved, but the production complexity and costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding strengthVSAvoidproduction complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention combines multiple functions into a single treatment step: oxidation to create surface reactivity, followed by organic compound deposition to provide both adhesion promotion and surface smoothing. This merged process eliminates the need for separate roughening and adhesion treatment steps, reducing production complexity while maintaining strong bonding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Strength

If the copper surface is roughened to increase adhesion, then the bonding strength to resin layer is improved, but the line width precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding strengthVSAvoidline width precision
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the surface properties through chemical oxidation and organic modification rather than mechanical roughening, maintaining a smooth surface topology that preserves fine line width precision. The chemical treatment provides adhesion enhancement without the topographical irregularities that would interfere with precise circuit patterning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Strength

If a thick oxide layer is formed to increase adhesion, then the bonding strength is improved, but the acid solubility increases causing delamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding strengthVSAvoidacid solubility
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention creates a composite surface structure consisting of a thin oxide layer combined with organic compounds. This composite structure provides the adhesion benefits of oxidation while the organic component protects against acid dissolution, preventing delamination during subsequent manufacturing processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

5Strength

If the copper surface is roughened to increase adhesion, then the bonding strength to resin layer is improved, but the surface area increases leading to higher material consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding strengthVSAvoidmaterial consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces mechanical roughening with chemical treatment to enhance adhesion. This substitution achieves strong bonding through chemical interactions at a smooth surface, avoiding the increased surface area and associated material consumption that would result from mechanical roughening.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach provides strong, repeatable adhesion to organic materials, withstands high temperatures, and allows for finer line widths in circuitry without delamination, reducing production complexity and costs.

Implementation Method 1

a metal oxide layer is formed on the metal surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 2

the metal oxide layer is conditioned with a reducing agent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReduction: Reduction

Data Source

PatentEP2590758B1Methods of treating metal surfaces
Publication Date: 2020.06.10 ATOTECH DEUT GMBH & CO KG
  • EP2590758B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP2590758B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2590758B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to methods of treating metal surfaces to enhance adhesion or binding to substrates, and devices formed thereby. In some embodiments of the present invention, methods of achieving improved bonding strength without roughening the topography of a metal surface are provided. The metal surface obtained by this method provides strong bonding to resin layers. The bonding interface between the treated metal and the resin layer exhibits resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals involved in post-lamination process steps, and therefore can suitably be used in the production of PCB' s. Methods according to some embodiments of the present invention are especially useful in the fabrication of high density multilayer PCB's, in particular for PCB's having circuits with line/spacing of equal to and less than 10 microns. Methods according to other embodiments of the present invention are particularly useful in the coating of metal surfaces in a wide variety of applications.