Covalently Crosslinked Hydrogel Capsules to Reduce Foreign Body Response
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing implanted devices face challenges in modulating the immune response to enhance their fidelity and function, necessitating new compounds and compositions that can effectively mitigate the foreign body response (FBR) and maintain the integrity of hydrogel capsules.
Innovation Solution
Polysaccharide polymers are covalently crosslinked using methods like thiolene photoclick, Michael addition, or inverse electron-demand Diels Alder reactions, forming hydrogel capsules that can encapsulate cells and tune properties such as capsule diameter and stability, incorporating a crosslinking moiety and a compound of Formula (I) to reduce FBR.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If polysaccharide polymers are covalently crosslinked using thiolene photoclick, Michael addition, or inverse electron-demand Diels Alder reactions, then the integrity and stability of hydrogel capsules are improved, but the complexity of the crosslinking process and material synthesis increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by utilizing different crosslinking mechanisms (thiolene photoclick, Michael addition, inverse electron-demand Diels Alder reactions) that can be tuned based on specific application requirements. These reactions involve changing chemical parameters such as reaction conditions, crosslinking density, and functional group selection to achieve optimal capsule integrity while managing process complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining polysaccharide polymers with crosslinking moieties and functional compounds (Formula I) to create hydrogel capsules with enhanced properties. This composite approach allows the integration of multiple functional elements within a single material system, improving stability while distributing the complexity across well-defined components.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If polysaccharide polymers are crosslinked with crosslinking moieties and compounds of Formula (I), then the foreign body response is reduced, but the manufacturing complexity and precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by incorporating specific crosslinking moieties and compounds of Formula (I) at controlled positions within the polysaccharide polymer structure. This localized modification allows the reduction of foreign body response in specific regions while maintaining overall capsule integrity and enabling precise tuning of manufacturing parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses crosslinking moieties as intermediary compounds that facilitate the integration of polysaccharide polymers with functional compounds. These intermediaries serve as bridges between the polymer backbone and the bioactive compounds, enabling precise control over the manufacturing process while achieving the desired reduction in foreign body response.
3Reliability
If hydrogel capsules are formed with controlled diameter and stability through crosslinking, then the functionality and performance of implanted devices are enhanced, but the ease of manufacture decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-preparing crosslinking moieties and functional compounds before incorporating them into the polysaccharide polymer system. This preliminary preparation allows for controlled capsule formation with desired diameter and stability, enhancing device functionality while simplifying the overall manufacturing process by breaking down complex steps into manageable pre-prepared components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The crosslinked polysaccharide polymers significantly reduce the foreign body response, maintaining the integrity and functionality of hydrogel capsules, thereby enhancing the performance of implanted devices.
Implementation Method 1
a thiolene photoclick reaction
Implementation Method 2
a Michael addition reaction
Implementation Method 3
an inverse electron-demand Diels Alder reaction
Data Source
AI summary
Described herein are hydrogel capsules (e.g., alginate hydrogel capsules) comprising polysaccharide polymers capable of covalent crosslinking to another moiety, such as another polysaccharide polymer; as well as related compositions and uses thereof.