Constant Velocity Joint Spherical Arms Stabilizing Mechanism

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current constant velocity joints, such as the Rzeppa-type or 'Ball-Type CV joint', suffer from high friction, limited performance, short lifespan, and inability to transmit axial loads due to high contact tension and sliding friction, making them inefficient and prone to heat production, especially at larger angles of tilting.

Innovation Solution

A new constant velocity joint design utilizing pairs of spherical arms with rotation hubs and a stabilizing mechanism that fixes the spherical arms to a homokinetic plane, allowing each arm to rotate around a single axis, reducing friction and enabling the joint to handle axial loads by distributing the load evenly across multiple points.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If Rzeppa-type ball joints are used to transfer torque between shafts, then constant velocity transmission is achieved, but high contact tension and sliding friction occur leading to heat production and limited performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconstant velocity transmissionVSAvoidfriction and heat production
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the traditional ball-and-cage mechanical system with a spherical arm mechanism that uses rotation hubs and rolling elements. This substitution eliminates the sliding friction between balls and cage while maintaining constant velocity transmission, directly addressing the energy loss problem.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the fundamental operating parameters by transitioning from sliding friction to rolling friction through the use of rolling elements in rotation hubs. This parameter change reduces contact tension and heat production while preserving the constant velocity function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If Rzeppa-type ball joints are used with massive metal cage, then homokineticity is maintained, but the joint cannot transmit axial loads and has zero tolerance to axial forces

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovehomokineticityVSAvoidaxial load transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the monolithic cage structure into individual spherical arms that are independently mounted on the shafts. This segmentation allows each arm to handle axial loads independently while collectively maintaining homokineticity, enabling the joint to transmit axial forces that the traditional cage cannot handle.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention adds the capability to handle axial forces by introducing a new dimensional capability to the joint mechanism. The spherical arms can accommodate forces in the axial direction while maintaining the radial constant velocity transmission, effectively adding a new degree of freedom in force handling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Power

If Rzeppa-type ball joints are used, then torque transfer between shafts is achieved, but the design requires special machines for manufacture and grinding of rolling paths

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transferVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-mounting the rolling elements into the rotation hubs during assembly rather than requiring complex post-manufacturing grinding operations. This approach simplifies manufacturing by using standard rolling element bearing assembly techniques instead of specialized grinding machines.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Reliability

If traditional ball joints are used, then constant velocity transmission is achieved, but the joint structure is complex and bulky making it unsuitable for mass use

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconstant velocity transmissionVSAvoidjoint structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the complex cage structure from the joint design, retaining only the essential spherical arms mounted on the shafts. This extraction simplifies the overall joint structure while preserving the constant velocity transmission function, making the design more suitable for mass production and application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The new joint design achieves true homokineticity, significantly reduces friction, increases the maximum tilting angle, and extends the joint's lifespan, while being simpler and less costly to produce compared to existing designs.

Implementation Method 1

The rolling elements 8, serving as radial and axial bearings, mount the spherical arms 4L and 4R to the stabilising segments 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, and also mount the rotating hubs 1.1, 1.2 and 2.1, 2.2 to the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, respectively

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRolling friction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP2724042B1Constant velocity joint
Publication Date: 2019.09.25 GECIK MARTIN
  • EP2724042B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2724042B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2724042B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The constant velocity joint consists of the input shaft (1), the output shaft (2), three spherical left arms (4L), three spherical right arms (4P), and the stabilising mechanism (3). The stabilising mechanism (3) is made up of three stabilising segments (3.1), (3.2), and (3.3). Stabilising segments have limited all degrees of freedom except the possibility of partial rotation around the axis of the stabilising mechanism (3). Each stabilising segment (3.1), (3.2) or (3.3) has one spherical arm (4L) and one spherical arm (4P) attached by means of a bolt (6), two groups of rolling elements (8), and a distance ring (12) in away they can only rotate around the axis of the bolt (6). The input shaft (1) carries on his body three arms (1.1), (1.2), and (1.3). The output shaft (2) carries on his body three arms (2.1), (2.2), and (2.3). In arms of both shafts there are outer rolling paths created for groups of rolling elements (9), which perform the function of radial-axial bearings. The input shaft (1) is attached to the set of the stabilising mechanism and spherical arms through three bolts (7), which pass through radial-axial bearings in arms of the shaft (1.1), (1.2), and (1.3), and are attached into spurs on spherical arms (4P). The output shaft is connected in the same way.