Data Center Cooling Assembly Free Compressor Circuit Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing data center cooling systems are inefficient due to their reliance on energy-consuming recooling devices like chillers, which operate inefficiently at varying ambient temperatures, especially when temperatures are high, as they are designed to handle extreme conditions that occur only rarely.

Innovation Solution

A cooling arrangement that combines a free cooling circuit and a compressor circuit, where the third and fourth air-refrigerant heat exchangers are vertically stacked, allowing the free cooling circuit to provide a significant portion of the cooling power, thereby reducing the need for energy-consuming recooling devices and optimizing energy use by using a condenser as an air-refrigerant heat exchanger.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a chiller is designed to provide sufficient recooling at maximum outside temperatures, then the cooling reliability is improved, but the energy efficiency deteriorates because the chiller works most of the time in an inefficient cooling capacity range

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling reliabilityVSAvoidenergy efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into two independent refrigerant circuits: a free cooling circuit and a compressor circuit. This allows the system to operate in different modes depending on ambient conditions, using the free cooling circuit when possible to avoid the energy inefficiency of chillers operating below their optimal capacity range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically switches between free cooling mode and compressor cooling mode based on ambient temperature conditions. The free cooling circuit is activated when ambient conditions permit, and the compressor circuit supplements when additional cooling is needed, optimizing energy efficiency across varying operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Power

If the cooling capacity is increased to handle extreme temperatures, then the cooling performance is improved, but the device complexity increases due to the need for active recooling devices

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling capacityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The free cooling circuit and compressor circuit are merged into a single integrated cooling system with shared components (heat exchangers, refrigerant lines). This combination provides the cooling capacity needed for extreme temperatures while avoiding the complexity of separate active recooling devices by using the free cooling circuit as the primary cooling path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Volume of moving object

If the third and fourth heat exchangers are vertically stacked, then the space utilization is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespace utilizationVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The heat exchangers are arranged in the vertical dimension rather than horizontally side-by-side. This vertical stacking achieves compact space utilization while maintaining relatively simple manufacturing, as each heat exchanger can be independently fabricated and then assembled vertically with standard connection methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enables energy-efficient operation across varying temperatures, reduces the need for active recooling components, and allows for a compact recooling unit design with lower energy consumption and reduced operational costs.

Implementation Method 1

a first heat exchanger package (3) and at least one first fan (4) are provided in the cooling device housing (2)... a second heat exchanger package (8) is provided outside the building or data center... the third and fourth heat exchangers of the second heat exchanger package (8) are accommodated vertically stacked one above the other in a recooling housing (15)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

The first fan (4) is set up to suck in air from inside the building or the data center via a first of two opposite housing sides of the cooling device housing (2), to convey it through the cooling device housing (2) and the first heat exchanger package (3) and out of the housing via a second housing side opposite the first housing side blow out

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 3

a first and a second refrigerant circuit are fluidically separated from one another between the first heat exchanger pack and the second heat exchanger pack, the first refrigerant circuit being a free cooling circuit and the second refrigerant circuit being a compressor circuit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP3285556B1Cooling assembly for air conditioning an it environment and in particular for data centre air conditioning
Publication Date: 2021.02.17 RITTALWERK RUDOLF LOH GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3285556B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a cooling arrangement (1) for air conditioning an IT environment, and in particular for data center air conditioning, comprising a cooling unit housing (2) located in an IT environment, and in particular in a data center, and in which a first heat exchanger package (3) and at least one first fan (4) are accommodated, wherein the first fan (4) is configured to draw in air from the building or the data center via a first of two opposing housing sides (6, 7), convey it through the housing (2) and the first heat exchanger package (3), and expel it from the housing (2) via a second housing side (7) opposite the first housing side (6), and wherein a second heat exchanger package (8) is arranged outside the building or data center and is supplied with air by at least one second fan (5), characterized in that a first and a second refrigerant circuit (9,10) are fluidically separated from each other between the first heat exchanger package (3) and the second heat exchanger package (8), wherein the first refrigerant circuit (9) is a free cooling circuit and the second refrigerant circuit (10) is a compressor circuit.