Simulating 3D Depth via Pixel Displacement on Standard Displays

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for simulating 3D information on 2D displays often require stereo image pairs or specialized 3D monitors, and result in artifacts like holes in the image, particularly when trying to convey depth using discrete layers or affine transforms.

Innovation Solution

A method that uses a single 2D image combined with a depth map to simulate 3D appearance by moving pixels based on depth values, employing continuous depth warping functions like sine waves, allowing for smooth and perspective-correct 3D depth representation without the need for stereo images or specialized displays.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If stereo image pairs with 3D glass displays are used to show depth information, then 3D depth representation is improved, but device complexity and requirement for specialized displays increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth representation accuracyVSAvoiddisplay system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a depth map (a simplified representation) to control pixel displacement in a 2D image, creating a copy of depth information that can be applied to standard displays. Instead of requiring complex stereo imaging systems, the invention copies depth data into a manageable format that drives 2D pixel manipulation, resolving the contradiction between accurate depth representation and system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent takes 2D image data and adds a depth dimension by using depth maps to control pixel displacement in the third dimension (Z-axis simulation). This allows 3D depth representation on 2D displays by manipulating pixels along simulated depth trajectories, eliminating the need for specialized 3D displays while maintaining depth accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If discrete layers or affine transforms are used to convey depth, then 3D motion is improved, but image quality deteriorates due to holes and artifacts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth perception accuracyVSAvoidimage continuity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamic, continuous pixel displacement based on depth values rather than static layer assignments. Pixels move along continuous trajectories determined by their depth values and temporal parameters, creating smooth transitions without the rigid boundaries and gaps that occur in discrete layer approaches. This dynamic approach maintains image continuity while conveying accurate depth perception

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention maintains continuous pixel displacement across the entire image based on depth map values, ensuring that all pixels contribute to the 3D effect without creating gaps or discontinuities. The continuous application of depth-based displacement across the full image area eliminates the holes and artifacts that plague discrete layer methods, preserving both image quality and depth accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Measurement precision

If manual layer separation is used to create 3D effects, then depth control is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth control accuracyVSAvoidprocessing automation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system automatically generates depth maps and computes pixel displacement trajectories without requiring manual layer separation. The depth map generation and pixel manipulation processes are fully automated, using algorithms to interpret scene depth and apply appropriate displacements, eliminating manual intervention while maintaining precise depth control through the depth map data structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Manufacturing precision

If multiple image processing methods are used to achieve 3D effect, then depth simulation quality is improved, but processing time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth simulation qualityVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines depth map generation, pixel displacement calculation, and 3D effect rendering into a unified processing pipeline. By merging these operations and using the depth map as a single source of truth for all depth-related computations, the system achieves high-quality depth simulation while reducing redundant processing steps and overall computation time compared to multiple separate processing methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP2962290B1Relaying 3D information by depth simulation using 2d pixel displacement
Publication Date: 2019.07.17 HERE GLOBAL BV
  • EP2962290B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP2962290B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP2962290B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The specification and drawings present a method, apparatus and software related product (e.g., a computer readable memory) for relaying 3D information by depth simulation using 2D pixel displacement. According to various embodiments, 3D appearance is simulated on a 2D display using only a single 2D image without requiring a stereo image capture and without the need of a specialized 3D monitor/display. Given a single image captured by a camera and a matching depth-map, an indication of 3D details on the image may be provided using time based motion, jittering, wiggling or pivoting of 2D pixels. The embodiments described herein provide a continuous, perspectively correct spatial warp which matches the perspective of the image. The movement of pixels is defined by the 3D position of each pixel as defined by the depth-map.