In-Cylinder Direct Fuel Injection Engine Cylinder Head Layout
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional in-cylinder direct fuel engines have limited intake air port diameters due to the placement of the ignition plug between intake air ports, leading to reduced intake air efficiency and potential issues with fuel adherence and lubrication.
Innovation Solution
The engine design positions the fuel injection valve and ignition plug so that the fuel injection hole and ignition hole are centrally located between intake and exhaust air ports, allowing for a larger intake air port diameter and improved alignment with the crankshaft axis, which enhances intake air efficiency and prevents fuel adherence to the cylinder walls.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the ignition plug is disposed between two intake air ports, then the ignition function is achieved, but the opening diameter of the intake air ports is limited, reducing intake air efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The ignition plug is extracted from the traditional position between intake air ports and relocated to a position between the intake air port and exhaust port. This extraction allows the intake air port to expand to a larger diameter without compromising ignition function, as the ignition plug remains properly positioned for spark generation but no longer constrains the intake air port opening.
Solution Approach 2:
The ignition plug positioning is shifted from a two-dimensional constraint (between two intake ports) to a three-dimensional arrangement (between intake and exhaust ports, aligned with crankshaft axis). This dimensional change allows the intake air port to be enlarged while maintaining ignition effectiveness through proper spatial reconfiguration.
2Ease of operation
If the intake air port diameter is reduced, then the ignition plug can be positioned between intake air ports, but fuel adherence to cylinder walls increases and lubrication deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The constraint that limited the intake air port diameter is extracted (the ignition plug is moved out of the way), allowing the port to be enlarged. This enlargement prevents fuel from adhering to the cylinder walls and maintains proper lubrication conditions, as larger ports reduce fuel accumulation in the combustion chamber periphery.
3Productivity
If the fuel injection valve and ignition plug are centrally positioned between intake and exhaust air ports, then the intake air port diameter can be increased, but the device layout becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel injection valve and ignition plug are merged into a unified central positioning arrangement on the cylinder head, aligned along the crankshaft axis. This merging of functions into a single spatial zone allows both components to coexist without interfering with each other or the air ports, achieving enlarged intake ports while managing layout complexity through functional integration.
Data Source
AI summary
An in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine is disclosed. The engine comprises a fuel injection valve engaged in a fuel injection hole, a cylinder head, and an ignition plug engaged in an ignition hole, The fuel injection valve is attached to the fuel rail and the fuel injection nozzle injects fuel from the fuel rail. The fuel injection hole and the ignition hole are positioned in a central portion of the a roof of the cylinder head so as to be located between an intake and exhaust air ports and are generally aligned along an axis of a crank shaft.