Display Substrate Aperture Ratio Optimization via Nested Optical Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
OLED display panels face issues with non-uniform illumination due to varying deterioration rates of organic light emitting layers, leading to luminance disparities, and existing luminance compensation methods either require external equipment or reduce the aperture ratio when integrated, affecting display quality.
Innovation Solution
A display substrate design where the switching unit and optical detection unit are positioned at the side of the black matrix away from the base substrate, with their projections within the black matrix projection, minimizing aperture ratio reduction and ensuring accurate luminance detection by preventing the color filter layer from shielding the optical detection unit.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the optical detection unit is positioned outside the black matrix projection, then it can be easily manufactured and connected, but the aperture ratio is reduced and the color filter layer may shield the detection unit
Solution Approach 1:
The optical detection unit is positioned in the vertical dimension above the black matrix projection area, rather than horizontally adjacent to it. This allows the detection unit to occupy space that would otherwise be unused, achieving three-dimensional spatial optimization. The detection unit is electrically connected to the switching unit through connection traces that extend through the black matrix, resolving the manufacturing complexity issue while maintaining aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The optical detection unit is nested within the projection area of the black matrix, similar to a nested doll structure. The detection unit occupies the vertical space above the black matrix without extending beyond its horizontal boundaries. This nesting approach allows the detection unit to be integrated into the existing structure without reducing the aperture ratio or requiring additional lateral space.
2Area of stationary object
If the optical detection unit is positioned within the black matrix projection, then the aperture ratio is maintained, but the color filter layer may shield the detection unit from light
Solution Approach 1:
The color filter layer is selectively removed or made transparent in the specific region where the optical detection unit is positioned. This creates a local quality change that allows light to reach the detection unit while maintaining the color filtering function in other display regions. The connection traces are also designed to pass through the black matrix with minimal interference, ensuring electrical connectivity without compromising optical performance.
3Reliability
If connection traces extend through the black matrix to reach the optical detection unit, then electrical connectivity is achieved, but the black matrix may interfere with light transmission
Solution Approach 1:
The connection traces are extracted from the black matrix structure by creating dedicated pathways or vias through the black matrix material. These pathways are designed to minimize light scattering and absorption by the black matrix. The traces are positioned and sized to provide sufficient electrical connectivity while having minimal impact on light transmission to the optical detection unit.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the aperture ratio of the display substrate, allowing for more accurate luminance compensation and improved display quality by ensuring the optical detection unit receives unfiltered light, thus maintaining high accuracy in luminance detection and compensation.
Implementation Method 1
an optical detection unit (104) configured to detect light emitted from the light emitting unit (1021)
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure discloses a display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, a display panel, and a display device. The display substrate includes a base substrate, a black matrix disposed on the base substrate, and a switching unit and an optical detection unit that are disposed at a side of the black matrix away from the base substrate. The optical detection unit is electrically connected to the switching unit, and an orthographic projection of at least one of the switching unit and the optical detection unit on the base substrate is located in an orthographic projection of the black matrix on the base substrate. Since the orthographic projection of at least one of the switching unit and the optical detection unit on the base substrate is located in the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the base substrate, the aperture ratio of the display substrate may increase.