Battery Pack Double-Frame Venting for Thermal Event Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium secondary batteries are prone to rapid pressure increase and explosion due to insufficient free volume for flame or gas movement during thermal events, posing a risk of chain reactions and fire spread.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design with a pack case featuring a double frame structure and insert member made of material that melts at a preset temperature, along with discharge path members to manage flame and gas discharge, ensuring a free volume and preventing pressure buildup.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If battery modules are densely stacked to increase energy density, then productivity and space utilization are improved, but free volume for flame or gas movement is insufficient, causing rapid pressure increase during thermal events
Solution Approach 1:
The pack case is divided into multiple compartments using partition walls that extend between battery modules. These partition walls create separate chambers that segment the space for flame or gas movement, preventing uncontrolled propagation while maintaining dense battery module arrangement. The segmentation allows the system to achieve both high energy density and reliable pressure control during thermal events.
2Reliability
If partition walls are added to create free volume for flame movement, then reliability during thermal events is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The partition walls serve multiple functions simultaneously: they create free volume for flame or gas movement to prevent rapid pressure increase, provides structural support between battery modules, and act as barriers to contain thermal events. This multi-functionality allows the system to achieve reliable pressure control without adding excessive structural complexity, as the same components perform multiple protective roles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively prevents rapid pressure increase by allowing flame and gas to vent, thereby stabilizing the battery pack and reducing the risk of explosion.
Implementation Method 1
an insert member inserted into the pack case
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
Disclosed is a battery pack, and a vehicle including the same. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; and a pack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery modules, and an insert member is provided inside the pack case.