Battery Pack Double-Frame Venting for Thermal Event Pressure Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium secondary batteries are prone to rapid pressure increase and explosion due to insufficient free volume for flame or gas movement during thermal events, posing a risk of chain reactions and fire spread.

Innovation Solution

A battery pack design with a pack case featuring a double frame structure and insert member made of material that melts at a preset temperature, along with discharge path members to manage flame and gas discharge, ensuring a free volume and preventing pressure buildup.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If battery modules are densely stacked to increase energy density, then productivity and space utilization are improved, but free volume for flame or gas movement is insufficient, causing rapid pressure increase during thermal events

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy densityVSAvoidpressure control during thermal event
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The pack case is divided into multiple compartments using partition walls that extend between battery modules. These partition walls create separate chambers that segment the space for flame or gas movement, preventing uncontrolled propagation while maintaining dense battery module arrangement. The segmentation allows the system to achieve both high energy density and reliable pressure control during thermal events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If partition walls are added to create free volume for flame movement, then reliability during thermal events is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure control during thermal eventVSAvoidstructural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The partition walls serve multiple functions simultaneously: they create free volume for flame or gas movement to prevent rapid pressure increase, provides structural support between battery modules, and act as barriers to contain thermal events. This multi-functionality allows the system to achieve reliable pressure control without adding excessive structural complexity, as the same components perform multiple protective roles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design effectively prevents rapid pressure increase by allowing flame and gas to vent, thereby stabilizing the battery pack and reducing the risk of explosion.

Implementation Method 1

an insert member inserted into the pack case

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP4672458A1Battery pack and vehicle including same
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP4672458A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4672458A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4672458A1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Disclosed is a battery pack, and a vehicle including the same. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; and a pack case configured to accommodate the plurality of battery modules, and an insert member is provided inside the pack case.