Dynamic Brake Force Distribution for Leaning Vehicle Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional brake systems for vehicles with a leaning body frame and two front wheels, and a single rear wheel face challenges in managing uneven load distribution and friction coefficients during turning, leading to potential slipping issues, especially with the central rear wheel slipping earlier than the front wheels.
Innovation Solution
A brake system that includes a central rear wheel slip detector and brake activators that adjust braking forces dynamically based on the operation quantity of the input member, reducing braking force on the central rear wheel when slipping is detected and increasing braking forces on the front wheels to maintain stability and control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional brake systems are used with equal braking force distribution, then the braking system is simple to control, but the central rear wheel slips earlier than the front wheels during turns due to uneven load distribution and friction coefficients
Solution Approach 1:
The brake system dynamically adjusts braking forces based on vehicle state. The brake activator changes the operating conditions of brakes according to operation quantity and slip detection signals, transitioning from static equal force distribution to dynamic differentiated force distribution. This allows the system to adapt braking forces to changing load distributions during turns, preventing rear wheel slip while maintaining front wheel braking effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates slip detectors on the central rear wheel and front wheels that provide feedback signals to the brake activator. When slip is detected on the central rear wheel, the brake activator receives this feedback and adjusts the braking force on that wheel accordingly. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables the system to respond to actual slipping conditions and adjust braking forces in real-time, improving anti-slip performance.
2Reliability
If braking force is increased on the central rear wheel to prevent slip, then slip resistance improves, but the vehicle stability deteriorates due to excessive braking force on the rear wheel during turns
Solution Approach 1:
The brake system applies different braking forces to different wheels based on their specific conditions. The brake activator adjusts operating conditions individually for the central rear brake and front brakes based on slip detection signals from each wheel. This localized adjustment ensures that braking force is optimized for each wheel's specific slip risk and load condition, preventing rear wheel slip while maintaining overall vehicle stability through differentiated local control.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the brake system operates with fixed braking forces, then the system is simple and reliable, but it cannot adapt to changing road conditions and load distributions during turns
Solution Approach 1:
The brake system transitions from fixed braking forces to dynamic adjustment based on operation quantity and slip detection. The brake activator continuously monitors slip conditions and adjusts the operating conditions of brakes accordingly, enabling the system to adapt to changing road conditions and load distributions during turns while maintaining a relatively simple overall system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The brake system uses its own slip detection capability to automatically adjust braking forces without external intervention. When the slip detector detects slipping on the central rear wheel, the brake activator automatically changes the operating conditions of the brakes based on this self-detected information, enabling the system to self-regulate and adapt to changing conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
A brake system includes a brake activator which controls, when a slipping condition is detected at a central rear wheel based on a signal detected by a central rear detector, the operating condition of a central rear brake based on the signal detected by the central rear detector so as to reduce a braking force on the central rear wheel lower than a braking force which is obtained as a result of operation of an input member. In this state, when an operation quantity of the input member increases as a result of operation of the input member, changing the operating conditions of both a right front brake and a left front brake, the brake activator increases the braking forces in both a right front wheel and a left front wheel according to an operation quantity of the input member.