Dynamic Receiving Coil Positioning for Inductive EV Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing inductive charging systems for electric vehicles are inefficient due to a significant air gap between transmitting and receiving coils, limiting charging to stationary positions and not allowing dynamic charging, which restricts the vehicle's range and requires manual cable connections.
Innovation Solution
A method that uses sensors and actively controlled damping systems to maintain a minimum air gap between the coils, allowing dynamic charging by continuously adjusting the position of the receiving coil based on vehicle speed and road conditions, ensuring efficient power transmission and safety by preventing coil contact with the ground.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the air gap between transmitting coil and receiving coil is reduced to improve charging efficiency, then the degree of efficiency of inductive energy transmission is improved, but the vehicle ground clearance requirements conflict with achieving a small air gap
Solution Approach 1:
The receiving coil is made dynamically adjustable in its vertical position relative to the transmitting coil. A control system continuously monitors the air gap distance and actuates the receiving coil to maintain an optimized distance, enabling dynamic adaptation to varying ground clearance conditions while maximizing charging efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
A feedback control system is implemented that continuously measures the actual air gap distance between the transmitting and receiving coils and automatically adjusts the receiving coil position to maintain the optimal charging distance, ensuring consistent high efficiency regardless of vehicle ground clearance variations
2Adaptability or versatility
If inductive charging is performed during driving (dynamic charging), then the vehicle range is extended and charging flexibility is improved, but the air gap control becomes more difficult and reliability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system is designed to operate dynamically during vehicle motion, with the receiving coil continuously adjusted to maintain optimal positioning over the transmitting coil while the vehicle is moving, enabling reliable dynamic charging operation
Solution Approach 2:
A real-time feedback control system monitors charging parameters and air gap distance during dynamic operation, automatically adjusting the receiving coil position to maintain stable coupling between coils even during vehicle movement, ensuring reliable charging delivery
3Loss of energy
If the receiving coil is lowered to reduce air gap, then the degree of efficiency is improved, but the risk of coil contact with ground increases
Solution Approach 1:
The receiving coil is equipped with dynamic positioning capability that allows it to be lowered close to the transmitting coil for efficient charging while automatically raising it when approaching ground contact, enabling the system to achieve high efficiency without the permanent risk of ground contact
Solution Approach 2:
The control system proactively raises the receiving coil in advance when ground contact is anticipated based on road profile detection or distance sensors, preventing harmful contact before it occurs while minimizing the impact on charging efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient inductive charging during both stationary and dynamic conditions, maximizing power transmission and extending the vehicle's range while preventing coil contact with the ground, thus enhancing safety and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
If an electric vehicle is parked over the transmitting coil, said transmitting coil emits an alternating magnetic field. The alternating magnetic field is received by the receiving coil within the vehicle and converted into electrical energy.
Implementation Method 2
The alternating magnetic field is received by the receiving coil within the vehicle and converted into electrical energy.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for inductive energy transmission from a transmitting coil to a receiving coil spaced apart from the transmitting coil. The receiving coil is arranged in a vehicle which is arranged stationary or is travelling on a supporting surface, wherein the vehicle has at least one sensor. In a first method step (A) a distance between the transmitting coil and/or the supporting surface and the receiving coil is determined, in a second method step (B) a minimum possible air gap between the transmitting coil and/or the supporting surface and the receiving coil is calculated from the distance, and in a third method step (C) the receiving coil is positioned such that the distance corresponds to the minimum possible air gap.