Electric Compressor Wheel for Internal Combustion Engine
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines face challenges in achieving low-emission operation due to conflicts between nitrogen oxide and soot emissions, which affect torque build-up and exhaust gas recirculation rates.
Innovation Solution
The integration of an electric compressor wheel in the suction tract, which can be driven via electricity, reduces the driving scavenging pressure difference and enables more efficient exhaust gas recirculation, thereby improving emission control and dynamic power delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If exhaust gas recirculation rate is increased to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, then nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced, but torque build-up speed decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The electric compressor wheel performs preliminary compression of the air charge before the combustion cycle, building up pressure in advance. This preliminary action allows the system to maintain high exhaust gas recirculation rates for emission control while the pre-compressed air ensures rapid torque build-up is not compromised.
Solution Approach 2:
The electric compressor wheel enables dynamic adjustment of compression parameters independently of engine speed and load. By actively controlling compression pressure and timing, the system can optimize the balance between exhaust gas recirculation rate and torque build-up speed, resolving the contradiction between emission reduction and performance response.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If exhaust gas recirculation rate is increased to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, then nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced, but energy available to turbine decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The electric compressor wheel provides self-service compression using electrical energy, reducing the dependency on turbine-driven compression. This allows the turbine to maintain its energy availability even when high exhaust gas recirculation rates are applied, as the compression function is partially decoupled from the turbine's energy output.
3Power
If conventional turbocharging is used to increase specific power, then specific power is increased, but dynamic torque build-up is delayed
Solution Approach 1:
The electric compressor wheel performs preliminary compression of air before the turbocharger fully engages, ensuring that the air charge is already pressurized in anticipation of the combustion cycle. This preliminary action eliminates the delay in torque build-up that normally occurs during turbocharger spin-up, while still achieving high specific power through the combined compression system.
Solution Approach 2:
The electric compressor wheel replaces part of the mechanical turbocharging function with an electrically-driven compression system. This substitution allows for instantaneous torque response characteristic of electric motors while maintaining the high specific power benefits of turbocharging, resolving the contradiction between power density and response speed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for a significant reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions while maintaining comparable driving power, and enables faster boost pressure build-up, thus improving the engine's overall performance and emission control.
Implementation Method 1
a compressor wheel which can be driven via electricity to compress the air flowing through the suction tract
Implementation Method 2
compress the air flowing through the suction tract
Implementation Method 3
a turbine wheel arranged in the exhaust tract and driven by the exhaust gas
Implementation Method 4
an electric engine, by means of which the compressor wheel can be driven by electricity
Data Source
AI summary
An internal combustion engine for a motor car has an exhaust tract which can be flowed through by exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, a turbine wheel arranged in the exhaust tract and driven by the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas recirculation device which has an exhaust gas recirculation conduit via which at least a part of the exhaust gas can be branched off from the exhaust tract at a branching point arranged upstream of the turbine wheel and can be recirculated to a suction tract which can be flowed through by air of the internal combustion engine and can be introduced into the suction tract at an introduction point. A compressor wheel which can be driven via electricity to compress the air flowing through the suction tract is arranged in the suction tract upstream or downstream of the introduction point.