Electric-Field Battery Fire Suppression for Thermal Runaway
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery fire extinguishing technologies using fire extinguishing agents or suffocating covers are inefficient in extinguishing lithium battery fires due to re-ignition risks and difficulty in penetrating densely packed battery modules, causing significant damage and safety hazards.
Innovation Solution
A battery fire extinguishing device that applies an electric field to the battery using electric field appliers on opposite electrodes to prevent, delay, or extinguish thermal runaway by blocking the collision of electric charges, utilizing a controller for fire detection and a safety venting device for electrolyte release.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fire extinguishing agents are used to extinguish battery fires, then the fire can be suppressed, but the battery may re-ignite due to internal energy and the agents have difficulty penetrating densely packed battery modules
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical fire suppression methods (extinguishing agents, suffocating covers) with an electric field-based system. Electric field appliers generate high-voltage electric fields that penetrate battery modules without physical contact, overcoming the penetration limitation of conventional agents while reliably preventing thermal runaway through electrical intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces electric field appliers as an intermediary device between the detection system and the battery. These appliers generate electric fields that mediate the interaction with battery cells, enabling non-contact intervention to prevent thermal runaway without requiring physical penetration or direct contact with the battery interior.
2Reliability
If conventional fire suppression methods are used, then some fire suppression is achieved, but it takes considerable time and caution must be taken to prevent flame spread
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary action by detecting early signs of thermal runaway (temperature increase, gas emission) and immediately applying electric fields before full combustion occurs. This preventive approach eliminates the time delay associated with conventional methods that must wait for fire development and then respond.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces time-consuming mechanical fire suppression processes with instantaneous electric field application. The electric field can be activated immediately upon detection, providing rapid intervention without the delays of agent delivery, distribution, or physical contact required by conventional systems.
3Reliability
If immersion method is used to extinguish battery fires, then fire can be suppressed, but the battery module cannot be reused causing property damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces destructive immersion methods with non-contact electric field application. The electric field penetrates the battery module without physical contact or immersion, suppressing thermal runaway while preserving the battery structure and enabling potential reuse after incident resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The electric field acts as an intermediary that provides fire suppression without direct physical contact or immersion. This non-invasive approach eliminates the structural damage and contamination associated with immersion methods, allowing the battery module to remain intact and potentially reusable.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively prevents and extinguishes thermal runaway during the fire growth phase, minimizing damage and ensuring safety by quickly suppressing battery fires.
Implementation Method 1
a pair of electric field appliers formed on opposite electrodes of the battery and applying an electric field to the battery when there is a sign of a fire in the battery
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a battery fire extinguishing device which prevents, delays, or extinguishes a battery fire by applying an electric field to a battery when there is a sign of a battery fire. The present invention comprises a battery, and electrode plates formed on both poles of the battery and applying an electric field to the battery when there is a sign of a fire in the battery, and thereby, the present invention prevents, delays, or extinguishes a battery fire by applying an electric field to the battery when there is a sign of a battery fire.