Energy Storage Arrangement With Decoupled Backup Capacitance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing energy storage arrangements for multi-system vehicles, such as those operating on both 25 kV AC and 750 V DC networks, face challenges in flexible voltage adjustment and hardware complexity, particularly when dealing with significant voltage variations in the 750 V DC network.
Innovation Solution
The energy storage arrangement includes a controller with a backup capacitance and controllable controller paths, where the intermediate circuit is connected to a second controller phase, allowing the voltage at the backup capacitance to be decoupled from the intermediate circuit voltage, enabling flexible voltage adjustment and operation across variable voltage networks with minimal hardware complexity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the energy storage device is directly connected to the intermediate circuit, then the connection is simple, but the voltage fluctuations in the 750 V DC network make reliable operation impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The controller acts as an intermediary device between the energy storage device and the intermediate circuit. It includes a buffer capacitor and controllable switching paths that decouple the energy storage device from direct connection to the fluctuating intermediate circuit, thereby ensuring reliable operation while maintaining manageable complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The controller creates a buffered copy of the intermediate circuit voltage through the buffer capacitor, allowing the energy storage device to operate at a stable voltage level while the controller handles the voltage fluctuations from the intermediate circuit
2Reliability
If a voltage regulator is used to adjust the vehicle's DC voltage, then reliable operation on 750 V DC network is achieved, but the hardware complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The controller is designed to perform multiple functions: it regulates voltage for reliable operation on 750 V DC networks, manages energy storage charging/discharging, and provides buffering against voltage fluctuations. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated voltage regulator hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The voltage regulation function is merged into the controller that already manages the energy storage device. The buffer capacitor and switching paths are combined in a single integrated controller unit, reducing overall hardware complexity compared to separate voltage regulator and energy storage management systems
3Use of energy by moving object
If the voltage at the energy storage device is raised above mains voltage for energy capacity reasons, then energy capacity improves, but compatibility with both 25 kV AC and 750 V DC networks is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The controller dynamically adjusts the voltage relationship between the energy storage device and the intermediate circuit through controllable switching paths. This allows the system to adapt to different network voltages (both 25 kV AC and 750 V DC) while maintaining high energy storage voltage for optimal energy capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The controller changes the electrical parameters (voltage, current) through its switching paths to enable the energy storage device to operate at high voltage for energy capacity while maintaining compatibility with different network voltages. The buffer capacitor voltage can be independently controlled to match different network conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for flexible voltage regulation at the energy store, enabling high voltage charging with low current load, and reduces hardware complexity by using existing components like rectifier units and transformers, effectively managing voltage variations in different energy supply networks.
Implementation Method 1
Each controller path comprises a series connection of two pairs, each consisting of a switch ST and a diode D... The controller paths enable controlled energy transfer between the intermediate circuit and energy storage device
Implementation Method 2
The actuator (3) has a buffer capacitor (5) on an input side of the actuator (3)... the voltage across the controller's buffer capacitor can be raised to a level higher than the voltage across the intermediate circuit
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The invention relates to an energy accumulator arrangement (1) comprising an energy accumulator (2), a regulator (3) and an intermediate circuit (4) of an energy supply (13, 14). The energy accumulator (2) can be connected to the intermediate circuit (4) by means of the regulator (3). The regulator (3) has a back-up capacitor (5) and one or more controllable regulator path(s) (6, 7, 8) which is/are connected in parallel with the back-up capacitor (5). A tap from a regulator phase (9, 10, 22) is positioned in each case on each regulator path (6, 7, 8). The energy accumulator (2) is connected to at least one first regulator phase (10) and the intermediate circuit (4) is connected to a second regulator phase (22), which is different from the first regulator phase.