Dynamic EV Battery Charging Profile Selection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Charging of electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries is challenging due to lithium deposition on the anode, leading to performance degradation, shorter charging cycles, and potential internal short-circuiting, which existing battery management systems do not adequately address by considering current environmental and battery conditions.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system that includes sensors to determine temperature and current values, allowing it to select a charging profile from stored profiles based on state of charge, temperature, and current conditions, thereby limiting charge current to prevent lithium deposition and set an optimal C-rate for charging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If charging rate is increased to improve charging speed, then productivity is improved, but lithium deposition occurs leading to reliability deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The charging rate is made dynamic rather than fixed. The battery management system continuously adjusts the charging rate based on real-time monitoring of temperature, state of charge, and current conditions. This allows the system to optimize charging speed while preventing lithium deposition by reducing the rate when conditions become unfavorable.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes multiple parameters simultaneously including temperature, charging rate (C-rate), and state of charge thresholds. By monitoring and adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system prevents lithium deposition while maintaining optimal charging performance across different operating conditions.
2Loss of time
If charging rate is increased to reduce charging time, then loss of time is reduced, but performance degradation accelerates
Solution Approach 1:
The charging process uses dynamic rate adjustment rather than a constant high rate. The system monitors state of charge and temperature continuously, adjusting the charging rate to maximize speed during safe operating windows while preventing performance degradation through rate reduction when thresholds are approached.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging process employs periodic monitoring and adjustment cycles. The battery management system continuously cycles through monitoring temperature, current, and state of charge, then adjusts the charging rate accordingly. This periodic control ensures optimal charging speed while preventing cumulative damage from excessive rates.
3Productivity
If charging rate is increased to improve productivity, then loss of substance increases due to lithium deposition
Solution Approach 1:
The system monitors and adjusts multiple parameters including temperature, state of charge, and charging rate to prevent lithium deposition. By maintaining optimal parameter ranges, the system prevents lithium loss while achieving high charging speeds, thus preserving lithium inventory during fast charging operations.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and method manage battery charging of a battery of an electric vehicle are described herein. The system can include a battery management system. The battery management system can receive current battery characteristics and conditions. Based on the battery characteristics and conditions, the battery management system can select a charging profile from a plurality of charging profiles. Based on the selected charging profile, the battery management system can set a rate for charging the battery.