EV Battery Thermal Management Charging System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electric and hybrid-electric vehicles are limited by traditional design and infrastructure, failing to fully leverage new technologies and power sources, and lack effective thermal management systems for energy storage units, which can lead to reduced battery life and safety risks.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of both internal and external thermal management units to control the temperature of energy storage units during charging, using heat exchangers and thermal management fluids to maintain a predetermined temperature range, thereby extending battery life and reducing the risk of thermal runaway and fires.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If charging speed is increased to improve productivity, then charging time is reduced, but thermal management becomes more difficult and battery safety deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The thermal management system is divided into internal and external components. The internal thermal management unit is integrated within the battery pack, while the external thermal management unit is positioned outside the vehicle. This segmentation allows heat to be dissipated at multiple stages, enabling faster charging speeds while maintaining battery safety through coordinated thermal control.
2Reliability
If thermal management system is enhanced to improve battery safety, then system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the internal and external thermal management units into a coordinated system that operates together during charging. The internal unit handles immediate thermal control within the battery pack, while the external unit provides additional cooling capacity. This merging allows the system to manage high charging speeds safely without requiring an overly complex single-unit design.
Solution Approach 2:
A thermal management fluid acts as an intermediary between the battery and the external environment. The fluid circulates through heat exchangers in both the internal and external thermal management units, transferring heat from the battery to the external cooling system. This intermediary mechanism simplifies the direct thermal management architecture while maintaining effective heat dissipation.
3Duration of action of moving object
If external thermal management unit is added to control temperature during charging, then battery life is extended, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The external thermal management unit is activated in advance during the charging process to prevent overheating before it occurs. By proactively cooling the battery during charging, the system extends battery life without requiring complex post-charge cooling mechanisms or overly sophisticated real-time thermal management algorithms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively prolongs the operating life of energy storage units, enhances safety by preventing overheating, and ensures efficient energy storage and release in electric and hybrid-electric vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a first heat exchanger in fluid communication with the energy storage unit and in communication with a first thermal management unit positioned inside the rechargeable electric vehicle interior
Implementation Method 2
passing a thermal management fluid through at least part of the energy storage unit to control the energy storage unit temperature
Implementation Method 3
a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the energy storage unit and in communication with a second thermal management unit positioned outside the rechargeable electric vehicle exterior
Data Source
AI summary
Systems of an electrical vehicle and the operations thereof are provided that control an operating temperature of an on board battery pack using an external thermal management system.