EV Battery DC Coupling for Bidirectional AC Power Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
The inability to transfer electricity between electric vehicles and AC power systems due to incompatible electrical characteristics leads to inefficiencies and potential power loss.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for bidirectional power transmission using DC circuits and capacitors to couple an electric vehicle battery with an AC circuit, enabling power transfer between a DC battery and an AC system, including precharging capacitors to ensure seamless power exchange.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If direct connection between DC battery and AC power system is attempted, then power transfer is enabled, but electrical incompatibility causes power loss and potential damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a bidirectional DC-DC converter as an intermediary device between the DC battery and AC power system. This converter acts as a mediator that adapts electrical characteristics (voltage, current) to enable compatible power transfer, preventing direct incompatible connection while minimizing energy loss through controlled conversion.
Solution Approach 2:
The bidirectional DC-DC converter dynamically changes electrical parameters (voltage levels, current characteristics) to match between DC and AC systems. By adjusting these parameters in real-time, the system enables power transfer while minimizing energy loss from electrical incompatibility.
2Reliability
If capacitor precharging is implemented, then seamless power exchange is achieved, but circuit complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements capacitor precharging circuits that charge capacitors before main power transfer occurs. This preliminary action ensures that capacitive elements are ready to immediately handle power flow, preventing transfer interruptions and ensuring seamless operation between DC battery and AC system.
Solution Approach 2:
The precharged capacitors act as energy buffers that cushion the power transfer process. By having energy stored in capacitors beforehand, the system can smoothly handle transient demands and supply fluctuations, ensuring reliable seamless power exchange without direct shocks to the circuit.
3Productivity
If bidirectional power transmission is enabled, then energy efficiency improves, but control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional DC-DC converter implements dynamic control that adapts power flow direction and magnitude based on real-time system conditions. This dynamic adjustment optimizes energy efficiency by automatically selecting the most efficient power path while managing the complexity through adaptive rather than static control mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates efficient power transfer between DC and AC systems, conserving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing clean-sourced power, such as solar or wind, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability.
Implementation Method 1
a capacitor of the first DC circuit configured to charge to a capacitance that satisfies a threshold of activation of a second DC circuit
Data Source
AI summary
Aspects of this technical solution can a first direct-current (DC) circuit to couple with a DC battery of an electric vehicle, a capacitor of the first DC circuit configured to charge to a capacitance that satisfies a threshold of activation of a second DC circuit, and the first DC circuit to transmit, in response to a determination that the capacitor satisfies the threshold of activation of the second DC circuit, DC power between the battery of the electric vehicle and the second DC circuit.