Reconfigurable EV Charger Topology for Single- and Three-Phase Grids
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electric vehicle (EV) chargers face challenges in adapting to different grid topologies, leading to longer charging times in single-phase mode and mechanical switching wear, and lack versatility in using external loads.
Innovation Solution
A universal and versatile EV charger with a four-phase PFC rectifier and EMI filter structure, equipped with a detection and reconfiguration module that automatically adjusts to single-phase, three-phase, and four-phase operations, and allows simultaneous connection to multiple external loads.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a charger is designed for three-phase operation, then charging power is high, but charging time in single-phase mode becomes very long
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic reconfiguration of the charger circuit topology using switching elements that can change the connection configuration between phases. The system detects whether single-phase or three-phase power is available and automatically adjusts the circuit configuration to optimize charging current distribution, enabling high power utilization in both modes without manual intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The charger is designed with a universal circuit architecture that can operate efficiently in multiple grid configurations (single-phase, three-phase, and intermediate modes). By incorporating reconfigurable switching networks, the same hardware platform delivers optimized performance across different operating conditions, eliminating the need for separate chargers for different phase configurations.
2Adaptability or versatility
If manual switching is used to adapt to different grid topologies, then compatibility is achieved, but mechanical wear and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical switching mechanisms with solid-state electronic switching elements such as MOSFETs or IGBTs controlled by a detection and reconfiguration module. This electronic switching system eliminates mechanical wear and tear while providing faster, more reliable topology adaptation. The control module automatically detects grid configuration and actuates the appropriate switching pattern without user intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The charger incorporates an automatic detection and reconfiguration system that autonomously identifies the connected grid topology and adjusts its internal circuit configuration accordingly. This self-service capability eliminates the need for manual switching operations by the user, reducing operational complexity and improving reliability through automated adaptation to different grid conditions.
3Productivity
If three-phase charger topology is used, then charging efficiency is high, but versatility with external loads is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic reconfiguration of the charger circuit topology using switching elements that can change the connection configuration between phases. The system detects whether single-phase or three-phase power is available and automatically adjusts the circuit configuration to optimize charging current distribution, enabling high power utilization in both modes without manual intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The charger is designed with a universal circuit architecture that can operate efficiently in multiple grid configurations (single-phase, three-phase, and intermediate modes). By incorporating reconfigurable switching networks, the same hardware platform delivers optimized performance across different operating conditions, eliminating the need for separate chargers for different phase configurations.
Data Source
Figure 1a
Figure 1b
Figure 2
AI summary
A charger (100,300,400) for charging the battery of an electric vehicle from the grid, comprising : - a first connector unit (190,390) for connecting the charger to the grid, - an AC/DC converter (150), - a set of filters (160) provided between said first connector unit (190) and said AC/DC converter (150), - a second connector unit (191) for connecting the charger to the battery, characterized in that it further comprises a configurator (170,400) provided with a set of switches and/or relays capable of switching between a three-phase operation and a single-phase operation for charging said battery from the grid, said configurator being provided between said first connector unit (190) and said set of filters (160).