Multi-Port EV Charging Topology With Adaptive Power Sharing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing commercial EV charging stations lack adaptive power management and reconfiguration capabilities, leading to inefficiencies, limited power sharing, and inability to support high charging power requirements without oversizing components.
Innovation Solution
A multi-port EV charging station topology with N parallel modules per port, utilizing T-type AC/DC converters and dual active bridge (DAB) converters, allowing adaptive reconfiguration and power sharing between ports and stations through intelligent module distribution and negotiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a unidirectional charging topology with controlled rectifier and full diode bridge is used, then the charging station is cheaper and more reliable, but it has low efficiency, no internal storage, and cannot provide ancillary services
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a bidirectional DC-DC converter that enables dynamic power flow control between the grid, energy storage system, and charging ports. This dynamic capability allows the system to adapt power direction and magnitude based on real-time conditions, improving efficiency while maintaining reliability through active power management rather than passive diode bridges.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging station is designed with multi-functionality to provide not only charging services but also energy storage, grid support services (V2G, V2H), and power quality improvement. The bidirectional converter and energy storage system enable the same hardware to perform multiple functions, resolving the contradiction between reliability and efficiency by adding value without requiring separate dedicated systems.
2Device complexity
If fixed power distribution is used across charging ports, then the system is simpler to manage, but it cannot fulfill varying power requirements of different ports
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an adaptive power management system with real-time monitoring and control that continuously adjusts power distribution based on port status, vehicle requirements, and grid conditions. This feedback mechanism enables dynamic reconfiguration of power flow without requiring complex manual management, as the system automatically optimizes distribution based on sensed conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically reconfigures power distribution across multiple charging ports based on real-time demands. The bidirectional DC-DC converter can redirect power flow adaptively, allowing some ports to receive higher power while others operate at lower levels, thereby fulfilling varying power requirements without fixed allocation constraints.
3Ease of operation
If charging stations are designed without power sharing capability, then each port is independently managed, but power cannot be shared between ports during faults or high demand
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power management of multiple independent charging ports into a unified system through the bidirectional DC-DC converter and central control. This merging allows power to be shared between ports dynamically - during normal operation each port operates independently, but during faults or high demand, power can be redistributed from underutilized ports to ensure continuous service and improve overall reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
The Disclosed technology proposes a novel fast Electric Vehicle (EV) charging topology with adaptive power management and power sharing between different ports and different charging stations to fulfill the wide range and high charging power requirements of EV chargers. The proposed charging station topology consists of two charging ports, each port consisting of N number of parallel modules. Each module consists of a cascaded T-type AC/DC converter and dual active bridge (DAB) converter. These modules are distributed equally over two charging ports with the ability to reconfigure this distribution adaptively to fulfill the power requirements on each port.