Charging Circuit with DC-DC Converter for Fast EV Battery Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current electric vehicle charging systems take too long due to limited voltage capabilities of existing energy storage systems, which restrict charging speed and compatibility with high-capacity batteries, and existing solutions do not effectively increase voltage during charging without requiring new technologies or components.
Innovation Solution
A charging circuit with a DC-DC converter that connects multiple energy storage units in series and parallel configurations, using switches and a DC-DC converter to increase the voltage level between inputs to twice that of the outputs, allowing for faster charging without overloading existing components or requiring new technologies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If multiple energy storage units are connected in series to increase voltage, then charging power increases, but device complexity increases due to additional switches and control circuitry
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage system is divided into multiple independent energy storage units, each with its own switches. This segmentation allows flexible series/parallel connections to achieve desired voltage levels while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design. The charging circuit processes each unit independently through the DC-DC converter.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically reconfigures the connection topology of energy storage units using controllable switches. The switches can change connection states between series and parallel configurations based on charging requirements, enabling adaptive voltage adjustment without permanent structural changes. This dynamic reconfiguration optimizes charging power while controlling complexity.
2Productivity
If charging voltage is increased to reduce charging time, then productivity improves, but reliability decreases due to higher stress on components
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the voltage parameter dynamically during charging by reconfiguring energy storage unit connections. The DC-DC converter adjusts output voltage based on real-time component stress levels and charging state, allowing high voltage for fast charging when components can handle it, and reducing voltage when stress limits are approached, thus maintaining reliability while maximizing productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The control system monitors component stress, temperature, and electrical parameters in real-time during charging. Based on this feedback, it adjusts the switching states and charging current to keep components within safe operating limits even at high charging powers. This closed-loop control enables fast charging while protecting component reliability.
3Adaptability or versatility
If energy storage units with different capacities are connected in parallel, then adaptability improves, but energy distribution becomes uneven
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the connection configuration of energy storage units based on their individual capacity states. When units with different capacities are connected in parallel, the control system monitors their charge levels and switches connections to balance energy distribution, preventing overcharging or discharging of individual units while maintaining system adaptability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution significantly reduces charging time by doubling the charging power while maintaining existing component compatibility and ensuring even energy distribution across all storage units, accommodating higher voltage levels and varying parameters like internal resistance and capacity fluctuations.
Implementation Method 1
a DC-DC converter with a first input and a second input for electrical connection to an energy source, at least a first output and a second output for electrical connection to an electrical component
Data Source
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AI summary
A charging circuit (200) for an electrical energy storage system (100) with a plurality of electrical energy storage units (R1, R2) is described, which includes at least one first input (E1) and one second input (E2) for electrical connection with an energy source, at least one first output (A1) and one second output (A2) and at least n first pole connections (P1) and n second pole connections (P2), wherein the pole connections are electrically connectable to corresponding pole connections of the electrical energy storage units.Furthermore, the charging circuit comprises at least one DC-DC converter and a plurality of first switches (S11, S12), second switches (S21, S22) and third switches (S31), wherein the first, second and third switches are connected such that, during charging operation using an energy source connected to the first input (E1) and the second input (E2), the voltage level between the first input (E1) and the second input (E2) is at least twice as high as the voltage level between the first output (A1) and the second output (A2), and wherein the electrical inputs (DCE1, DCE2) of the DC-DC converter are electrically connected to the inputs (E1, E2) of the charging circuit, and the outputs (DCA1, DCA2) of the DC-DC converter are electrically connected to the outputs (A1, A2) of the charging circuit (200).