EV Charging Scheduling Across Multiple Demand Response Markets
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing V2G technologies lack the capability to optimize charging and discharging of electric vehicle batteries by simultaneously considering various Demand Response (DR) markets, contract for difference, and smart charging, leading to suboptimal profit generation and power system stability.
Innovation Solution
An electric vehicle charging and discharging scheduling device and method that sets a scheduling model based on constraint and objective functions, considering contract for difference, smart charging, plus DR, and national DR, to optimize charging and discharging schedules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If V2G technology is used to enable charging and discharging of electric vehicle batteries, then power system stability and profit generation are improved, but the complexity of coordinating multiple DR markets and charging functions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the charging/discharging control into multiple independent modules: smart charging module, arbitrage trading module, plus DR module, and national DR module. Each module handles a specific function independently, reducing the overall coordination complexity while maintaining power system stability through their integrated operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The scheduling model dynamically adjusts charging and discharging strategies based on real-time market conditions, electricity prices, and vehicle availability. The system transitions between different operating modes (charging, discharging, idle) dynamically to optimize profits while ensuring power system stability across varying market environments.
2Productivity
If multiple DR markets are participated in simultaneously, then profit generation is improved, but the scheduling complexity and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple DR market participation strategies (smart charging, arbitrage, plus DR, national DR) into a unified scheduling model. This integrated approach allows simultaneous optimization across all markets while reducing computational complexity compared to managing each market separately, as the model coordinates all activities through a single optimization framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The scheduling model serves multiple functions simultaneously: it performs smart charging optimization, arbitrage trading, plus DR participation, and national DR participation. This multi-functional design enables the system to generate profits from multiple sources while maintaining a single coherent scheduling strategy rather than requiring separate systems for each function.
3Productivity
If smart charging and discharging are optimized simultaneously, then profit from arbitrage transactions is improved, but the constraint management becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments constraint management into distinct categories: vehicle-specific constraints (charging/discharging limits, availability windows), market-specific constraints (arbitrage rules, DR requirements), and system-wide constraints (power flow balance, battery health). Each segment is managed independently within the optimization model, making the overall constraint management more tractable while enabling simultaneous smart charging and discharging optimization for arbitrage profits.
Data Source
AI summary
An electric vehicle charging and discharging scheduling method can include setting a scheduling model based on a constraint function and an objective function considering a contract for difference, smart charging, a plus demand response (DR), and a national DR, optimizing the set scheduling model, and performing electric vehicle charging and discharging scheduling using the optimized scheduling model. The constraint function can include a function for at least one of restrictions on charging/discharging for each electric vehicle. The objective function can include a regular scheduling function considering the contract for difference and the plus DR market, and an irregular scheduling function considering the contract for difference, the plus DR market, and a national DR market.