EV Charging Priority Control Under Limited Charger Availability
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing Vehicle to Grid (V2G) system faces inefficiencies in charging and managing electric vehicles when chargers are insufficient, leading to situations where State of Charge (SoC) is often insufficient, and there is a need for a system to efficiently manage and charge vehicles participating in V2G.
Innovation Solution
A server that communicates with vehicles and chargers to determine a charge order based on State of Charge (SoC) and reservation information, allocating higher priority to vehicles with lower SoC and earlier reservations, and informs drivers about charging availability and general parking.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the number of chargers is increased to charge all vehicles requiring charging, then the State of Charge (SoC) of vehicles can be maintained at adequate levels, but the system cost and infrastructure complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The server performs preliminary determination of charge orders based on SoC information and reservation information before actual charging occurs. This allows the system to proactively manage limited charger resources by pre-assigning charging priorities to vehicles, ensuring that vehicles with lower SoC and earlier reservations are charged first, thereby maintaining reliable SoC levels without requiring additional chargers
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the parameter of charge order assignment by dynamically prioritizing vehicles based on their SoC levels and reservation times. Instead of using a fixed charging queue, the server adjusts charging priorities in real-time based on vehicle needs, allowing efficient utilization of existing charger capacity to maintain adequate SoC across the vehicle fleet
2Ease of operation
If a first-come-first-served charging queue is used, then the system is simple to operate, but vehicles with critical low SoC may not receive charging priority and their SoC becomes insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system transforms the charging queue from a simple temporal sequence to a priority-based system by introducing SoC level and reservation information as weighting parameters. The server calculates charge orders by considering both the arrival sequence and the criticality of charging needs, ensuring that vehicles with lower SoC receive higher priority while still maintaining operational simplicity through automated server-based management
3Productivity
If the server determines charge order based on both SoC information and reservation information, then charging efficiency and management optimization are improved, but the control system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The server acts as an intermediary between vehicles and chargers, centralizing the complex decision-making process for charge order determination. By consolidating the analysis of SoC information and reservation information in a single server entity, the system achieves high charging efficiency through optimized resource allocation while keeping individual vehicle and charger units simple in design
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms where the server continuously receives SoC information from vehicles and reservation information from users, then dynamically adjusts charge orders based on this feedback. This closed-loop control optimizes charging efficiency by responding to real-time system state changes while maintaining manageable complexity through automated decision algorithms
Data Source
AI summary
A server for determining a charge order among vehicles requiring charging based on at least one of state of charge (SoC) information and reservation information when a charger for a vehicle is insufficient and informing the vehicles of the charge order, and a method of controlling the same, includes a communicator configured to fluidically-communicate with a plurality of vehicles and a plurality of chargers and a controller operatively connected to the communicator and configured to determine a charge order among the first vehicles based on at least one of SoC information of each of the first vehicles and reservation information of each of the first vehicles when the number of a plurality of first vehicles including an SoC lower than or equal to a target SoC among the vehicles is greater than the number of first chargers in a chargeable state among the plurality of chargers.