EV Charging Station Assignment Algorithm Minimizes Waiting Time
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Solution Overview
Problem
The inefficiencies in charging hybrid electric/electric vehicles at public charging stations due to long charging times and uneven utilization of stations lead to traffic jams and underutilization, resulting in suboptimal economic and ecological efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that determine release times and arrival times for charging stations and vehicles, calculating waiting times and energy requirements to optimize the assignment of vehicles to stations, minimizing total waiting time and energy consumption through a unified decision algorithm, weighing ecological and economic relevance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If vehicles are charged at public charging stations, then vehicles can be recharged, but long charging times cause traffic jams and reduce overall efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by calculating optimal arrival times for vehicles at charging stations before the actual charging process. The central evaluation unit determines when vehicles should arrive at charging stations to minimize waiting time, and this information is communicated to vehicles in advance, allowing them to plan their routes and arrivals optimally.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by continuously monitoring charging station occupancy status and vehicle battery states of charge, then using this information to dynamically adjust arrival time recommendations. The central evaluation unit receives real-time data about charging station availability and vehicle needs, processes this information, and provides updated guidance to vehicles to optimize charging queue management.
2Ease of operation
If charging stations are distributed widely, then vehicle access is improved, but many stations remain underutilized due to unfavorable locations
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces a central evaluation unit as an intermediary that coordinates between vehicles and charging stations. This intermediary collects data from both vehicles (battery state, destination) and charging stations (occupancy, location), then optimally matches vehicles to appropriate charging stations based on multiple criteria including utilization efficiency, minimizing both travel distance and ensuring balanced usage across the network.
3Quantity of substance
If multiple vehicles queue at the same charging station, then charging demand is met, but waiting times increase and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the charging demand by dividing vehicles into different groups based on their optimal arrival times and destinations. Instead of all vehicles queuing at a single charging station, the central evaluation unit distributes vehicles to different charging stations and schedules their arrivals sequentially, thereby segmenting the overall waiting time across multiple locations and time periods.
4Reliability
If vehicles travel to charging stations, then charging is enabled, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system optimizes the parameter of travel distance by dynamically calculating and adjusting the optimal charging station selection based on vehicle location, destination, and charging station availability. The central evaluation unit changes the assignment parameters in real-time to minimize unnecessary travel, suggesting charging stations that are both accessible and energetically efficient for each vehicle's specific situation.
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for charging a plurality of motor vehicles (FZ1, FZ2), particularly hybrid electric/electric vehicles, at a plurality of public charging stations (LS1, LS2), comprising the following steps: determining (S110) release times (tf1, tf2) at which the respective charging stations (LS1, LS2) are released for charging; determining (S230) arrival times (ta11, ta12; ta21, ta22) at which the respective motor vehicles (FZ1, FZ2) can arrive at the respective charging stations (LS1, LS2); calculating (S310) time intervals between the respective determined release times (tf1, tf2) and the respective determined arrival times (ta11, ta12; ta21, ta22) as required waiting times (tw11, tw12; tw21, tw22) for charging the respective motor vehicles (FZ1, FZ2) at the respective charging stations (LS1, LS2); deciding (S320), according to the calculated waiting times (tw11, tw12; tw21, tw22), which of the charging stations (LS1, LS2) the respective motor vehicles (FZ1, FZ2) will go to for charging, with the proviso that the actual total waiting time is minimised, arriving at a total amount of actual waiting times (tw12, tw21) for charging the respective motor vehicles (FZ1, FZ2) at the respective charging stations (LS1, LS2).