Electric Passenger Car Wheel Sizing and Torque Control for Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing automotive designs, particularly for passenger cars, lack efficiency in fuel consumption and energy utilization, with significant energy loss due to axial friction in the wheels, necessitating a more efficient wheel design and control system.
Innovation Solution
Implementing larger diameter wheels, preferably with a 20-100% increase, and employing differential wheel speed control or mechanical differential steering, combined with multiple electric motors and advanced motor control electronics to optimize torque and traction distribution, particularly for rear wheels, to enhance energy efficiency and distance traveled per energy consumed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If larger diameter wheels are implemented, then energy efficiency and distance traveled per energy consumed are improved, but device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by increasing the wheel diameter from conventional sizes to significantly larger diameters (20-100% increase). This parameter change directly reduces axial friction and improves energy efficiency, as the larger wheel circumference allows the vehicle to travel further per rotation, reducing the frequency of motor activation and energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics through differential wheel speed control and mechanical differential steering systems. These dynamic control mechanisms allow independent adjustment of wheel speeds and torque distribution, enabling the complex wheel system to adapt to varying driving conditions and maintain optimal energy efficiency despite the increased complexity.
2Power
If multiple electric motors with advanced control electronics are implemented, then torque and traction distribution is optimized, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the propulsion system into multiple independent electric motors, each capable of independent control. This segmentation allows optimized torque and traction distribution across different wheels, with each motor controlled by dedicated electronics that can independently adjust power delivery based on real-time sensor feedback and control algorithms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms through sensor systems connected to motor control electronics. These sensors monitor wheel speed, torque, and traction conditions, providing real-time feedback that enables the control system to dynamically adjust motor output and optimize torque distribution, managing the complexity through intelligent control rather than mechanical complexity.
3Use of energy by moving object
If differential wheel speed control is implemented, then energy efficiency is improved, but manufacturing precision and control difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies mechanics substitution by replacing traditional mechanical differential mechanisms with electronic control systems. Instead of relying solely on mechanical components to achieve differential wheel speeds, the system uses electric motors with electronic control electronics and sensors to precisely regulate wheel speeds, reducing mechanical complexity while improving control precision and energy efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The larger diameter wheels and advanced control systems reduce axial friction, enabling electric cars to travel further on a single charge by optimizing torque and traction distribution, improving overall efficiency and stability.
Implementation Method 1
at least two electrically driven motors; motor control electronics, wherein said motor control electronics are connected to said at least two electrically driven motors
Data Source
AI summary
An electrical passenger car, the electrical passenger car including: a battery pack; motor control electronics; a communication control unit; at least one electrically driven motor; wheels, where the wheels are connected to the at least one electrically driven motor; and sensors, where the sensors are connected to at least the motor control electronics, where the wheels include a first wheel and a second wheel, where the second wheel has a radius at least 7% greater than a radius of the first wheel, where the battery pack is mounted in the electrical passenger car frame such that the battery pack can be moved upward or downward, and where the electrical passenger car is designed to be driven mainly on a paved road.