Glycated Amine Measurement Using FAOD and Protease

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for measuring glycated amines, such as glycated hemoglobin, face challenges including false positives and increased measured values due to non-analyte glycated products, requiring complex and costly procedures with multiple steps and reagents, which hinder accurate and efficient measurement.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the use of a protease to degrade glycated amines and a fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD) to cause a redox reaction, where the FAOD is added before the protease to treat non-analyte glycated amines, reducing the number of steps and improving measurement accuracy by preventing false positives.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional enzymatic methods are used to measure glycated amines, then the measurement process becomes simpler, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to false positives from non-analyte glycated products

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement process simplicityVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by adding FAOD to the sample before protease treatment to consume non-analyte glycated products in advance. This preliminary consumption of interfering substances ensures that subsequent measurement of glycated hemoglobin degradation products is not affected by false positives from other glycated amines, thus maintaining both simplicity and accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If multiple treatment steps are used to remove non-analyte glycated products, then measurement accuracy improves, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies universality by using a single FAOD enzyme that serves multiple functions: it specifically consumes non-analyte glycated products while allowing analyte glycated hemoglobin to proceed to degradation and measurement. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for multiple separate treatment steps or complex separation systems, achieving both accuracy and simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Measurement precision

If conventional methods with multiple reagents are used, then non-analyte interference is reduced, but measurement time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoidmeasurement time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies merging by combining the interference removal function and the measurement function into a single integrated process. The FAOD is added to the sample and simultaneously performs both consuming non-analyte glycated products and enabling subsequent analyte measurement through the protease-FAOD-POD reaction sequence, eliminating the need for separate treatment and measurement steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for highly reliable and convenient measurement of glycated amines by reducing the influence of non-analyte glycated products, enhancing measurement accuracy and simplifying the process, particularly in clinical diagnostics.

Implementation Method 1

adding a protease to a sample to degrade a glycated amine as an analyte contained in the sample with the protease

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnzymatic hydrolysis: Hydrolysis

Implementation Method 2

adding a fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD) to the sample so that the FAOD acts on the degradation product of the glycated amine to cause a redox reaction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRedox reaction: Redox Reactions

Implementation Method 3

a peroxidase (hereinafter referred to as "POD") and a substrate that develops color by oxidation are added to the reaction solution so that the substrate develops color through the enzyme reaction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnzymatic oxidation: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentUS7794966B2Method of measuring glycated amine
Publication Date: 2010.09.14 ARKRAY INC

AI summary

The present invention aims to enable highly reliable measurement of a glycated amine. A fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD) is added to a sample to remove a non-analyte glycated amine that is present in the sample and different from an analyte glycated amine. Thereafter, a protease is added to the sample to degrade the analyte glycated amine, and the degradation product of the analyte glycated amine reacts with the FAOD that has already been added to the sample. By measuring this redox reaction, the amount of the analyte glycated amine can be measured.