Fire Position Estimation Using Gas Propagation Speeds
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire sensing systems require a large number of sensors to accurately identify the position of a fire, as they rely on detecting gas concentration and transmissivity changes across a wide area, making them inefficient and costly to implement.
Innovation Solution
A fire sensing system utilizing three gas sensors to measure gas concentration changes and calculate gas propagation speeds, allowing for the estimation of the fire's position based on these measurements, thereby reducing the number of sensors needed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a large number of sensors are arranged in the target area to detect gas concentration and smoke concentration, then the measurement precision of fire position is improved, but the device complexity and installation cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and utilizes only the essential information needed for fire position detection - specifically gas concentration changes over time at three strategically positioned sensors. By filtering out unnecessary data (such as absolute concentration values and relying only on temporal changes), the system achieves accurate fire position identification with minimal sensors, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from spatial detection (using multiple sensors distributed across a large area) to temporal detection (using three sensors positioned at specific locations and analyzing changes over time). This dimensional shift allows the system to infer fire position through the sequence of gas concentration changes rather than requiring dense spatial coverage, thereby reducing the number of sensors needed while maintaining detection accuracy
2Measurement precision
If spot-type gas sensors, smoke sensors, and temperature sensors are installed at appropriate intervals, then the fire occurrence position can be sensed, but the quantity of sensors required increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the three gas sensors multi-functional by having them simultaneously serve as both detection devices and positioning references. Each sensor not only detects gas concentration but also provides temporal information that contributes to fire position calculation. This universal use of the sensors eliminates the need for separate dedicated positioning sensors, reducing the total quantity of sensors required while maintaining detection precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate identification of a fire's position with a minimal number of sensors, improving efficiency and reducing installation costs by using gas concentration increase time points and propagation speeds to determine the fire's location.
Implementation Method 1
a gas sensor using a phenomenon that light passing through a gas is attenuated by infrared absorption may be used
Implementation Method 2
a gas propagation speed calculation unit that senses gas concentration increase time points at the three locations, and calculates gas propagation speeds at the three locations
Data Source
AI summary
To provide a fire sensing system, fire sensing method, and program with which it is possible to identify the position of a fire using a low number of sensors A fire sensing system 1 provided with: gas sensors 11a, 11b, 11c for sensing a change in gas concentration at three locations P1, P2, P3; a gas propagation speed calculation unit 12 for sensing gas concentration increase times T1, T2, T3 at the three locations P1, P2, P3 and calculating the gas propagation speeds v1, v2, v3 at the three locations P1, P2, P3; and a fire information estimation unit 13 for estimating the position of the fire on the basis of the gas concentration increase times T1, T2, T3 and the gas propagation speeds v1, v2, v3.