Fluorescently Labeled Polysaccharide with Large Stokes Shift
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluorescently labeled polysaccharides have a small Stokes shift and unstable fluorescence signals, making it difficult to effectively distinguish different fluorescent signals for detection.
Innovation Solution
A fluorescently labeled polysaccharide is formed by covalently coupling a polysaccharide to a fluorescent dye with a specific structure, using a method involving cyanogen bromide activation and reaction with a borax solution, which results in a large Stokes shift and improved fluorescence stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If conventional fluorescent dyes are used to label polysaccharide, then the labeling process is simple, but the Stokes shift is small and fluorescence signal is unstable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the molecular structure of fluorescent dyes by introducing specific chemical groups (formula I with variables X, R1-R6) to change the optical properties. This structural parameter change increases the Stokes shift to greater than 100 nm and improves fluorescence stability while maintaining the covalent bonding method for easy labeling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite fluorescent label system combining polysaccharide with specifically structured fluorescent dyes (formula I). This composite approach integrates the biocompatibility of polysaccharide with the enhanced optical properties of the modified fluorescent dye, achieving both stable fluorescence and ease of labeling
2Ease of operation
If conventional fluorescent dyes are used, then the labeling method is straightforward, but different fluorescent signals are difficult to distinguish
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically varies the structural parameters of the fluorescent dye (formula I with different X, R1-R6 combinations) to create multiple fluorescent labels with distinct emission wavelengths. The increased Stokes shift greater than 100 nm enables clear spectral separation and distinction of different fluorescent signals while maintaining simple covalent labeling procedures
3Reliability
If fluorescent dye is covalently coupled to polysaccharide, then fluorescence stability is improved, but the complexity of preparation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses cyanogen bromide as an intermediary reagent to activate polysaccharide hydroxyl groups, creating reactive intermediates that readily react with the fluorescent dye. This intermediary approach simplifies the covalent coupling process while maintaining fluorescence stability, avoiding complex multi-step synthesis
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides high stability and biocompatibility, enabling effective polysaccharide detection with improved signal-to-noise ratio and discrimination among different fluorescent dye molecules, suitable for various biological applications.
Implementation Method 1
the polysaccharide is activated by cyanogen bromide, hydroxyl of the polysaccharide binds to cyano, and the cyano binds to amino of the fluorescent dye
Implementation Method 2
A fluorescently labeled technology refers to a technology for labeling a substance capable of emitting fluorescence by a covalent bond or physical adsorption on a certain group of the studied molecule, using its fluorescence characteristics to reflect the information of the studied subject
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a fluorescently labeled polysaccharide. The fluorescently labeled polysaccharide is formed by covalently coupling a polysaccharide to a fluorescent dye having a structure as shown in Formula I. A stable covalent bond is form between the polysaccharide molecule and the fluorescent dye molecule. The fluorescently labeled polysaccharide has high stability in serum and other detection environments, has high biocompatibility, and is applicable to the detection of carbohydrate molecules inside and outside cells. Due to a large Stokes shift of the fluorescent dye molecule, the fluorescently labeled polysaccharide has advantages of high fluorescence stability, high fluorescence quantum yields, and achieves high signal-to-noise ratios in imaging results. Further disclosed is a method for preparing the fluorescently labeled polysaccharide. The method has mild reaction conditions and high reaction selectivity, is simple to execute, and can be used to prepare a fluorescently labeled polysaccharide in high yield.