Antimicrobial Composition Synergy Fluoride Amphotericin B
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antimicrobial compounds, such as polyene macrolide antifungal agents, require high concentrations to be effective and have side effects like nephrotoxicity, limiting their use and efficacy in treating fungal infections.
Innovation Solution
Development of antimicrobial compositions combining a small antimicrobial agent, like fluoride, with a permeabilizing agent, such as amphotericin B, to enhance membrane permeability, allowing lower concentrations to achieve therapeutic effects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If high concentrations of polyene macrolide antifungal agents are used to achieve effective antimicrobial properties, then antimicrobial efficacy is improved, but side effects such as nephrotoxicity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the concentration parameter of the antifungal agent by combining it with fluoride ions, which allows achieving the same antimicrobial efficacy at lower concentrations of the polyene macrolide, thereby reducing nephrotoxicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite antimicrobial system combining polyene macrolide antifungal agents with fluoride ions, where the two components work synergistically to enhance antimicrobial efficacy while reducing the required dosage of the toxic agent
2Reliability
If high concentrations of fluoride are used to provide effective antimicrobial properties, then antimicrobial efficacy is improved, but toxicity to the subject increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the concentration parameter of fluoride by combining it with polyene macrolide antifungal agents, which allows achieving effective antimicrobial properties at lower fluoride concentrations, thereby reducing toxicity
Solution Approach 2:
The polyene macrolide antifungal agent acts as an intermediary that enhances the antimicrobial effect of fluoride ions, allowing fluoride to be effective at lower concentrations and thus reducing its toxicity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combination of small antimicrobial agents with permeabilizing agents significantly reduces the required concentrations, enhancing antimicrobial efficacy while minimizing side effects, as demonstrated by synergistic inhibition of fungal growth in various species.
Implementation Method 1
Other antimicrobial compounds disrupt the integrity of cell membranes which leakage of a variety of small molecules such as potassium and other ion and solute components out of the cell
Implementation Method 2
Fluoride has long been known to inhibit bacterial and fungal cell growth by blocking the functions of key metabolic enzymes
Implementation Method 3
Their mechanism of action is, at least in part, dependent upon their binding to a sterol moiety, primarily ergosterol, present in the membrane of sensitive fungi
Implementation Method 4
Once this interaction occurs, the polyenes form pores or channels in the fungal cell membrane which results in an increase of permeability of the membrane
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are compositions and methods for antimicrobial use. The compositions contain a small antimicrobial agent and a permeabilizing agent. The antimicrobial compositions can be antifungal or antibacterial compositions.