Fluoride-Ion Battery Anode Composition for Higher Charge Capacity
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a demand for achieving high charge and discharge capacities in fluoride-ion batteries, which existing technologies have not effectively addressed.
Innovation Solution
A fluoride-ion battery comprising a negative electrode active material layer with metallic magnesium, magnesium fluoride, and calcium barium fluoride, where the mass ratio of metallic magnesium to magnesium fluoride is between 0.1 and 10.0, and the XRD half-width ratio of magnesium fluoride peaks is 1.5 or greater, enabling high charge and discharge capacities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional negative electrode materials are used in fluoride-ion batteries, then the battery structure is simple, but the charge and discharge capacities are low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite negative electrode material consisting of metallic magnesium, magnesium fluoride, and calcium barium fluoride. This composite structure combines the high capacity potential of magnesium-based materials with the fluoride ion conducting properties of magnesium fluoride and the structural stability provided by calcium barium fluoride, achieving charge and discharge capacities of 100 mAh/g or more while managing the complexity through a defined compositional framework
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the mass ratio of metallic magnesium to magnesium fluoride within the range of 0.1 to 10.0, and controls the XRD FWHM ratio to be 1.5 or greater. These parameter adjustments balance the reactive capacity contribution from metallic magnesium with the structural stability and ion conductivity from magnesium fluoride, resolving the contradiction between achieving high capacity and maintaining material stability
2Quantity of substance
If the mass ratio of metallic magnesium to magnesium fluoride is increased, then the charge capacity improves, but the structural stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent defines an optimal mass ratio range of 0.1 to 10.0 for metallic magnesium to magnesium fluoride, and specifies that the XRD FWHM ratio should be 1.5 or greater. These parameter constraints ensure that sufficient metallic magnesium is present to provide high charge capacity while maintaining enough magnesium fluoride to preserve structural stability during fluoride ion insertion and extraction cycles
3Quantity of substance
If the XRD FWHM ratio of magnesium fluoride is increased, then the charge and discharge capacities improve, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies that the ratio of the first FWHM (XRD half width) of a peak near 2θ=40.4° in an XRD spectrum of the magnesium fluoride to a second FWHM (XRD half width) of a peak near 2θ=47.5° in an XRD spectrum of NIST standard CeO2 should be 1.5 or greater. This quantitative criterion provides a clear manufacturing target for controlling magnesium fluoride crystallinity and particle size, enabling reproduction of high-performance electrodes while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through standardized measurement protocols
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves charge and discharge capacities of 100 mAh/g or more due to the two-stage reaction of fluoride ion release and occlusion, with metallic magnesium also acting as an electron conductive aid for efficient charging and discharging.
Implementation Method 1
metallic magnesium also acting as an electron conductive aid for efficient charging and discharging
Implementation Method 2
the two-stage reaction of fluoride ion release and occlusion
Implementation Method 3
the two-stage reaction of fluoride ion release and occlusion
Data Source
AI summary
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a fluoride-ion battery capable of achieving high charge and discharge capacities. The fluoride-ion battery of the present disclosure comprises a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte layer formed between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer. In the fluoride-ion battery of the present disclosure, the negative electrode active material layer contains metallic magnesium, magnesium fluoride, and calcium barium fluoride, wherein a mass ratio of metallic magnesium to magnesium fluoride is 0.1 to 10.0.