Dry-cleaning Detergent Composition Using Fluorinated Solvents
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current dry cleaning methods face challenges with solvents that cause environmental pollution, health risks, and inadequate removal of both oily and aqueous contaminants, particularly with issues related to wrinkle performance and polymer stability.
Innovation Solution
A detergent composition comprising 5-10% fluorinated solvent, 1-2% cleaning booster, 5-10% anti-shrinkage agent, 40-50% water-soluble solvent, and 30-40% water, which enhances cleaning power, maintains fabric shape, and ensures safety and non-flammability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chlorine-based solvents (PERC, trichlorethylene) are used for dry cleaning, then fabric damage is prevented and non-flammability is achieved, but air pollution, carcinogenicity, and environmental contamination occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces chlorine-based solvents with fluorinated solvents (perfluorobutane, perfluoropentane) that have different chemical properties - specifically lower environmental persistence and reduced carcinogenicity while maintaining the necessary cleaning performance and non-flammability characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite solvent system combining fluorinated solvents with water and surfactants to achieve both effective contaminant removal and reduced environmental harm, creating a multi-component cleaning composition that balances performance and safety
2Object-generated harmful factors
If hydrocarbon solvents (C5-C13 petroleum-based) are used instead of chlorinated solvents, then environmental pollution is reduced, but fire and explosion risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition from hydrocarbon-based to fluorinated solvent-based, which fundamentally alters the flammability parameter while maintaining environmental compatibility. Fluorinated solvents have high flame points and do not support combustion, eliminating fire hazards
3Reliability
If water content is increased to 20% or less in fluorinated solvent compositions, then cleaning performance is maintained, but wrinkle performance does not improve and aqueous contaminant removal becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the water content parameter to ranges between 20-40%, which is higher than conventional formulations. This parameter change enables effective removal of aqueous contaminants and improves wrinkle performance while maintaining cleaning efficacy through the synergistic interaction with fluorinated solvents and surfactants
4Reliability
If fluorinated solvents are used in higher amounts to improve cleaning power, then contaminant removal is enhanced, but polymer stability deteriorates causing peeling and gloss loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent precisely controls the fluorinated solvent concentration within specific ranges (perfluorobutane: 5-20%, perfluoropentane: 5-20%) to achieve optimal balance between cleaning power and polymer stability. This parameter optimization prevents excessive solvent interaction with fabric polymers while maintaining effective contaminant removal
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces surfactants as intermediary substances that mediate between the fluorinated solvent and fabric polymers. The surfactants reduce direct contact between solvent and polymer chains, preventing degradation while allowing the solvent to effectively remove contaminants through the surfactant-solvent-contaminant complex
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition effectively removes both oily and aqueous contaminants, ensures polymer stability, and is safe for humans and the environment, with improved drying speed and physical properties.
Implementation Method 1
oily contaminants are removed by dissolution in petroleum, chlorine, glycol ester, cyclic silicone or silicone, fluorine and terpene oil-based solvents
Implementation Method 2
these solvents are removed from the clothes by physical methods, followed by drying to volatilize the solvent
Data Source
AI summary
A detergent composition for dry cleaning is disclosed. The detergent composition for dry cleaning includes a) 5 to 10% by weight of a fluorinated (fluoro-based) solvent, b) 1 to 2% by weight of a cleaning booster, c) 5 to 10% by weight of an anti-shrinkage agent, d) 40 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble solvent, and e) 30 to 40% by weight of water.