FPGA Neural Network Classification via LSTM Resource Reuse

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing neural network implementations on GPU and CPU-based systems are inadequate for embedded and portable applications due to stringent mechanical and power consumption requirements, necessitating the development of an FPGA device that can accurately predict performance and resource usage.

Innovation Solution

An FPGA method and device implementing a multi-level Recursive Neural Network with optimized partitioning of serial and parallel computations, using internal blocks and a real pipeline with registers to manage operations, and employing LSTM blocks with stored weights for efficient data processing, allowing for hardware resource reuse and compacted grid structures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If neural networks are implemented on GPU- and CPU-based systems, then flexibility and ease of use are improved, but mechanical dimension and power consumption requirements are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility and ease of useVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional CPU/GPU-based neural network implementations with an FPGA-based system. This substitution enables the deployment of LSTM networks in embedded and portable applications where power consumption and mechanical dimensions are critical constraints, while maintaining the necessary computational capabilities for sequence processing and classification tasks

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Use of energy by moving object

If neural networks are implemented on FPGA devices, then power consumption and mechanical dimensions are improved, but device complexity and development time are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidFPGA configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by configuring specific LSTM network parameters (number of layers, units per layer, learning rate, batch size) to optimize the balance between computational performance and hardware resource utilization on FPGA. This systematic parameter tuning enables efficient implementation while managing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the neural network into distinct functional blocks (input layer, LSTM layers with gates, output layer) that can be independently configured and optimized on FPGA hardware. This modular segmentation simplifies the implementation process and enables precise control over resource allocation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Productivity

If LSTM networks with multiple levels are used, then data processing capability is improved, but hardware resource requirements are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata processing capabilityVSAvoidhardware resources
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple LSTM layers and their associated gates (forget gates, input gates, cell gates, output gates) into an integrated FPGA implementation. By combining these functional elements and sharing common resources across layers, the system achieves high data processing capability while optimizing hardware resource utilization

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements universal LSTM blocks that can be reused across multiple layers and configurations. The same hardware resources are used to perform different LSTM operations (forget gate computation, input gate computation, cell state updates) at different time steps and layers, maximizing resource efficiency while maintaining advanced processing capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4198829A1Method and device for data classification based on artificial intelligence implemented on FPGA
Publication Date: 2023.06.21 MBDA ITAL
  • EP4198829A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4198829A1 patent drawingFigure 3~6
  • EP4198829A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present invention relates to an IP Core FPGA, i.e., a system comprising a neural network capable of solving a whole class of problems related to deep learning. In particular, the IP Core solves classification problems based on sequences of data utilizing Recursive Neural Networks.