Fuel Cell System Control for Battery Output and Fuel Conservation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Fuel cell systems experience increased fuel consumption during start-up and power generation due to the need for additional fuel to warm up the fuel cell, leading to deteriorated efficiency as the number of start-ups and power generation cycles increase, which is not effectively addressed by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

A method for controlling a fuel cell system that involves acquiring the charged amount of a secondary battery and the remaining fuel, adjusting the start-up threshold based on the fuel availability, and optimizing power generation to minimize unnecessary fuel consumption by prioritizing fuel usage when the battery's charged amount is low.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If the fuel cell is started up from the stopped state or power generation is increased, then the output of the secondary battery is ensured, but the fuel consumption increases due to the need for additional fuel to warm up the fuel cell

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput of secondary batteryVSAvoidfuel consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The control device changes the start-up threshold parameter based on the remaining fuel amount. When fuel is abundant, a higher threshold triggers start-up to ensure battery output. When fuel is low, the threshold is lowered to prevent unnecessary start-ups that would consume valuable fuel for heating rather than power generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The start-up threshold is made dynamic rather than fixed. The control device continuously adjusts the threshold value according to real-time fuel level conditions, enabling the system to adapt its power generation strategy between ensuring battery output and conserving fuel resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Speed

If the number of repeat in start-up of the fuel cell and increase of power generation is increased, then the responsiveness to battery charge/discharge cycles is improved, but the fuel consumption deteriorates due to repeated heating requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponsiveness to battery charge/dischargeVSAvoidfuel consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The control device modifies the start-up threshold parameter based on fuel availability to prevent excessive start-up cycles. By adjusting this parameter dynamically, the system limits the number of repeated start-ups when fuel is constrained, thereby reducing fuel loss from repeated heating operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The control device uses feedback from the fuel amount detection to regulate start-up decisions. The detected fuel level feeds back into the control logic, which then determines whether to raise or lower the start-up threshold, creating a closed-loop system that prevents wasteful repeated heating when fuel is limited.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces fuel consumption while ensuring the output of the secondary battery, thereby improving the overall efficiency and extending the lifespan of the fuel cell system by minimizing unnecessary fuel usage during start-ups and power generation.

Implementation Method 1

a fuel and an oxidant are supplied to a fuel cell and a generated power from the fuel cell is outputted to a secondary battery

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFuel cell electrochemical reaction: Fuel Cell

Implementation Method 2

when the fuel cell is started up from the stopped state thereof, or power generation of the fuel cell is increased, temperature of the fuel cell needs to be raised to the action temperature suitable for power generation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal heating: Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3396764B1Fuel cell system and fuel cell system control method
Publication Date: 2020.02.05 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3396764B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3396764B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3396764B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A fuel cell system supplies a fuel and an oxidant and outputs a generated power from the fuel cell to a secondary battery. In a method for controlling the fuel cell system, a charged amount of the secondary battery is acquired, when the charged amount of the secondary battery becomes equal to or less than a prescribed value, the fuel cell is started up from a state that the fuel cell stops power generation, or the generated power of the fuel cell is increased. In the method for controlling, a remaining amount of the fuel which can be supplied to the fuel cell is acquired and when the remaining amount of the fuel becomes small, the prescribed value is set to a smaller value as compared with when the remaining amount of the fuel is large.