Graphene Liquid Cell Assembly via Loop-Assisted Thin-Film Transfer

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Solution Overview

Problem

The reproducibility of graphene liquid cell (GLC) fabrication methods is poor, leading to challenges in high-resolution, dynamic imaging of biological processes, as existing methods often result in mechanical stress on graphene films, contamination, and limited availability of high-quality graphene materials, which hampers the widespread adoption of GLCs in biomaterials and microbiological research.

Innovation Solution

A loop-assisted transfer (LAT) method for fabricating graphene liquid cells, which involves transferring a graphene film using a droplet of liquid supported by a loop, minimizing mechanical stress and allowing for the formation of intact, large-area graphene liquid cells without the need for polymer support films, combined with correlated light-electron microscopy for efficient localization and characterization of GLCs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional methods (sandwiching or touch-down) are used to assemble GLCs, then graphene integrity may be retained, but mechanical stress is induced to the free-floating graphene film and contamination from polymer support films occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegraphene integrityVSAvoidmechanical stress and contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a liquid bridge as an intermediary medium to transfer graphene films between TEM grids. Instead of direct contact methods that cause mechanical stress or polymer support contamination, the liquid bridge enables gentle transfer by allowing graphene to float and settle naturally, eliminating harmful mechanical forces and contamination sources while maintaining graphene integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Stability of the object's composition

If multilayer graphene is used to improve stability, then superior stability is achieved, but the graphene is more rigid and often contaminated by preparation procedures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegraphene stabilityVSAvoidrigidity and contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid bridge transfer method acts as a clean intermediary that enables the handling and assembly of single-layer graphene without requiring polymer supports or harsh preparation procedures. This gentle transfer mechanism maintains the flexibility and purity of single-layer graphene while achieving stable GLC assembly, eliminating the need to compromise on stability by using multilayer graphene.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If single film graphene is used over multilayer graphene, then flexibility is maintained and contamination is reduced, but availability and ease of assembly are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontamination and rigidityVSAvoidassembly ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid bridge serves as a simple yet effective intermediary tool that dramatically simplifies the assembly of single-film graphene GLCs. By allowing graphene films to be transferred through liquid manipulation rather than complex polymer support procedures, the method makes single-film graphene assembly as easy as multilayer assembly while maintaining the advantages of flexibility and low contamination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The LAT method significantly improves the reproducibility and yield of graphene liquid cells, enabling high-resolution, real-time imaging of biological processes by reducing mechanical stress and contamination, and facilitating the use of single-layer graphene, thus enhancing the applicability of GLCs in biomaterials and microbiological research.

Implementation Method 1

a loop supporting a liquid droplet in turn supporting the thin film

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension: Surface Tension

Data Source

PatentEP4078646B1Fabricating thin film liquid cells
Publication Date: 2023.11.15 LEIDEN UNIVERSITY
  • EP4078646B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1h
  • EP4078646B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2d
  • EP4078646B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3c

AI summary

A thin film liquid cell suitable for transmission electron microscopy at room temperature is fabricated as follows. A thin film floating on a liquid is prepared. A droplet of the liquid with the thin film floating thereon is transferred to a support by means of a loop. The loop carries the droplet and the droplet carries the thin film during this transfer. Sufficient liquid from the droplet on the support is removed to form the thin film liquid cell.