Hall Effect Element Indented Perimeter Shape
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional Hall effect magnetic field sensing elements either have higher sensitivity and lower resistance like square elements or use less area and have faster response times like cross-shaped elements, but not both simultaneously.
Innovation Solution
A Hall effect element with a perimeter shape that includes four corner regions and four indented regions, where the indented regions deviate inward toward the center, and a square core region, resulting in a smaller area while maintaining good sensitivity and low resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a square perimeter shape is used for the Hall effect element, then sensitivity and resistance are improved, but area is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The perimeter is segmented into four distinct region types (corner regions, indented regions, side regions, and core region) that work together to achieve both high sensitivity and small area. The segmentation allows different portions of the perimeter to contribute differently to the overall performance, with corner regions providing sensitivity enhancement and indented regions reducing area.
Solution Approach 2:
The perimeter shape introduces asymmetry through indented regions that deviate inward from the square boundary, creating an asymmetric geometry that optimizes both sensitivity and area. The asymmetric design allows the Hall effect element to achieve better performance than conventional symmetric square or cross-shaped elements.
2Area of stationary object
If a cross-shaped perimeter shape is used for the Hall effect element, then area is reduced and response time is improved, but sensitivity and resistance worsen
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the perimeter are given different geometric qualities to optimize local functions. Corner regions with larger radii of curvature provide sensitivity enhancement, while indented regions provide area reduction. This local differentiation allows the overall structure to achieve both high sensitivity and small area, resolving the contradiction between these two parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The design transitions from conventional two-dimensional square or cross shapes to a more complex perimeter geometry that effectively utilizes spatial arrangement in multiple dimensions. The indented regions create a multi-dimensional optimization where the perimeter path length and distribution are optimized independently of the bounding box area, allowing simultaneous achievement of small area and high sensitivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel perimeter shape achieves a smaller area than square Hall effect elements while retaining sensitivity and low resistance, similar to square elements, and fast response times, similar to cross-shaped elements.
Implementation Method 1
Hall effect magnetic field sensing elements are known. As is known, a Hall effect element includes a so-called 'Hall plate,' which is an epi region (i.e., layer) upon a substrate.
Data Source
AI summary
A Hall effect element includes a Hall plate with an outer perimeter. The outer perimeter includes four corner regions, each tangential to two sides of a square outer boundary associated with the Hall plate, and each extending along two sides of the square outer boundary by a corner extent. The outer perimeter also includes four indented regions. Each one of the four indented regions deviates inward toward a center of the Hall plate. The Hall plate further includes a square core region centered with and smaller than the square outer boundary. A portion of each one of the four indented regions is tangential to a respective side of the square core region. Each side of the square core region has a length greater than twice the corner extent and less than a length of each side of the square outer boundary.