HDMI 2.1 Connector Terminal Configuration for Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
The high-frequency impedance matching issue in HDMI 2.1 specifications is exacerbated by excessive impedance, affecting data transmission rates, particularly at high bandwidths of up to 48 Gbps.
Innovation Solution
The electric connector terminal configuration structure features a second contact set with a shorter interval for differential pair signals compared to ground signals, ensuring improved electromagnetic field balance and impedance matching, as demonstrated by specific pin configurations and intervals in the terminal sets.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the interval of contacts for transmitting differential pair signals is increased to match ground signal intervals, then the structure is simplified and easier to manufacture, but high frequency impedance matching deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating the interval between differential pair contacts from the interval between ground contacts. Specifically, the differential pair contacts are positioned with a first interval while ground contacts are positioned with a second interval, creating locally optimized electromagnetic field distribution that improves impedance matching at high frequencies without requiring uniform spacing throughout the entire connector.
2Reliability
If the interval of differential pair contacts is decreased to improve impedance matching, then high frequency signal transmission is improved, but the electromagnetic field balance between adjacent contacts may be disrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetry by intentionally creating different intervals between differential pair contacts versus ground contacts. The first interval (between differential contacts) is designed to be different from the second interval (between ground contacts), creating an asymmetric configuration that optimizes both impedance matching and electromagnetic field balance simultaneously, rather than using uniform spacing.
Data Source
AI summary
An electric connector terminal configuration structure includes an insulating body, a terminal set disposed inside a base of the insulating body and including conductive terminals arranged in upper and lower rows, and a circuit board connected to terminal set and including a first contact set and a second ground set. The first contact set is electrically connected to the terminal set, to transmit differential pair signals, ground signals and non-differential pair signals. The second contact set is electrically connected to the first contact set and has the same signal transmission configuration as the first contact set, and in the second contact set, an interval of contacts for transmitting differential pair signals is lower than the interval of a contact for transmitting a ground signal and an adjacent contact for transmitting the differential pair signal, to solve the high frequency impedance matching problem, thereby matching the HDMI 2.1 specification.