Heat exchanger and air conditioner

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Solution Overview

Problem

In heat exchangers used as evaporators, the separation of gas and liquid refrigerants leads to refrigerant drift, reducing performance due to uneven distribution and increased wetness ratios, especially in downstream regions where superheated gas refrigerant flows, impairing heat exchange efficiency.

Innovation Solution

The heat exchanger is configured with a series connection of heat exchange regions, where the downstream region has more heat exchange sections than the upstream region, reducing the height of communicating spaces and minimizing refrigerant separation by increasing the number of communicating spaces and decreasing the number of flat tubes per space, and using branch pipes to distribute refrigerant evenly across sections.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the refrigerant is distributed from the communicating space into the plurality of vertically arranged flat tubes, then the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air, but the gas and liquid refrigerants are separated by gravity causing drift and reducing heat exchange efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange efficiencyVSAvoidrefrigerant distribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The heat exchanger is divided into multiple heat exchange regions (first region with first number of flat tubes, second region with second number of flat tubes) where the numbers are different. This segmentation creates different refrigerant distribution patterns in each region, preventing uniform drift and improving overall heat exchange efficiency by maintaining better liquid-gas mixture distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If the downstream principal heat exchange region has more heat exchange sections, then the refrigerant distribution should be improved, but the drift occurs more easily due to higher gas refrigerant ratio

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevaporator performanceVSAvoidrefrigerant flow stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Different heat exchange regions are designed with different numbers of flat tubes to create local variations in refrigerant distribution characteristics. The first heat exchange region has a different number of flat tubes compared to the second region, allowing each region to have optimized local properties that prevent drift while maintaining good evaporator performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Stability of the object's composition

If the number of flat tubes per communicating space is reduced, then the communicating space height decreases reducing drift, but the number of communicating spaces must increase affecting device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigerant distribution uniformityVSAvoidheat exchanger structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The heat exchanger is segmented into multiple regions with different numbers of flat tubes per communicating space. This segmentation allows the system to reduce the number of flat tubes in certain regions to decrease communicating space height and prevent drift, while the overall structure remains manageable through the segmented design approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration reduces refrigerant drift and enhances performance by ensuring even distribution and heat exchange, maintaining efficiency even with small refrigerant amounts and varying section sizes, allowing the heat exchanger to function effectively as an evaporator.

Implementation Method 1

the heat exchanger allowing a refrigerant flowing through the flat tubes (31) and air to exchange heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

fins (32) joined to the flat tubes (31)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

the refrigerant distributed into the plurality of flat tubes exchanges heat with the air to evaporate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 4

the gas and liquid refrigerants are separated from each other by gravity, and thus a drift of the refrigerant tends to occur

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity separation: Gravitation

Implementation Method 5

The refrigerant distributed into the plurality of flat tubes exchanges heat with the air to evaporate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP3045856B1Heat exchanger and air conditioner
Publication Date: 2018.01.31 DAIKIN INDUSTRIES LTD
  • EP3045856B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3045856B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3045856B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In two heat exchange regions (35, 37) connected together in series when an outdoor heat exchanger (23) functions as an evaporator, a downstream one (35) of the heat exchange regions has heat exchange sections not less than heat exchange sections of an upstream one (37) of the heat exchange regions, and a most downstream one (35) of the heat exchange regions has more heat exchange sections than a most upstream one (37) of the heat exchange regions.