Heat transfer liquid loop for a vehicle

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current heat treatment systems for electric vehicles face challenges in efficiently cooling the electric traction chain components, particularly the electrical storage device and electronic units, during fast charging, which leads to thermal management incompatibilities with compact vehicle designs, affecting both the vehicle's performance and passenger comfort.

Innovation Solution

A coolant loop system with two networks and a radiator having separate cooling zones, allowing for simultaneous cooling of the electric motor and storage device, utilizing heat exchangers and a refrigerant circuit to manage temperature differences and optimize cooling efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single cooling system is used for all powertrain components, then the system complexity is reduced, but the cooling efficiency for components with different thermal requirements deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling system structureVSAvoidcooling efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into a first cooling circuit for the electrical storage device and a second cooling circuit for the electric motor, with each circuit having dedicated heat exchangers and flow control. This segmentation allows independent optimization of cooling parameters for each component, resolving the contradiction between system simplicity and cooling efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates controllable circulation means and directional control valves that dynamically redirect heat transfer fluid between different cooling circuits based on real-time thermal demands. This dynamic adaptability enables the system to efficiently handle varying cooling requirements without requiring completely separate static systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If rapid charging is performed to reduce charging time, then the productivity is improved, but the heat generation and cooling requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging speedVSAvoidstorage device temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is pre-configured with dedicated cooling circuits and heat exchangers for the electrical storage device, ready to immediately handle thermal loads during rapid charging. The circulation means can be activated to provide immediate cooling, preventing temperature buildup before it becomes problematic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling system operates continuously during rapid charging, with the circulation means maintaining constant heat transfer fluid flow through the storage device cooling circuit. This continuous cooling action ensures that heat generated during high-speed charging is constantly removed, enabling sustained high charging rates without thermal limitations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Volume of moving object

If the ECU is made more compact to save space, then the device complexity is reduced, but the heat sensitivity and cooling requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveECU sizeVSAvoidheat sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system provides localized cooling zones with different thermal characteristics - a first cooling zone for the electrical storage device and a second cooling zone for the electric motor and ECU. Each zone is optimized for the specific thermal requirements of the components it serves, allowing compact ECU design with dedicated targeted cooling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Use of energy by moving object

If external airflow is used for cooling during driving, then the use of energy is reduced, but the cooling capacity is limited by driving conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling energy consumptionVSAvoidcooling capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer fluid loop serves multiple functions: it provides active cooling during stationary periods (using the pump-driven circulation), and switches to passive air-cooled operation during driving (using external airflow through the radiator). This multi-functionality allows the system to meet cooling demands across all operating conditions while optimizing energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively maintains the electric storage device and motor below a threshold temperature, optimizing cooling efficiency while minimizing system consumption, thus addressing the thermal management challenges and ensuring passenger comfort during fast charging.

Implementation Method 1

a radiator arranged to be traversed by an airflow external to a passenger compartment of the vehicle... capable of generating two temperatures of the heat transfer fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

a first cooling zone for the heat transfer fluid supplying a first outlet of the radiator and a second cooling zone for the heat transfer fluid supplying a second outlet of the radiator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 3

a first heat exchanger configured to be thermally coupled to a first element of an electric powertrain... a second heat exchanger configured to be thermally coupled to a second element of the electric powertrain

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3857140B1Heat transfer liquid loop for a vehicle
Publication Date: 2023.06.21 VALEO SYST THERMIQUES SAS
  • EP3857140B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3857140B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3857140B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a loop (14) for heat transfer liquid (48) for a vehicle comprising a first network (70) and a second network (71), a means (42) for circulating the heat transfer liquid (48), a first heat exchanger (100) configured to be thermally coupled to a first element (40) of an electric drivetrain of the vehicle, a means (72) for moving the heat transfer liquid (48), a second heat exchanger (200) configured to be thermally coupled to a second element (49) and a radiator (51) arranged to be traversed by an external air flow (EF), the radiator (51) comprising a first cooling zone (74) and a second cooling zone (75), a first output (54) of the radiator (51) being connected to the first heat exchanger (100) and a second output (53) of the radiator (51) being connected to the second heat exchanger (200). Application to motor vehicles.