High-Base Yeast Extract Through Enzymatic Nucleic Acid Breakdown
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing yeast extracts have a low content of bases and base derivatives, which limits their ability to promote microbial growth and metabolic production, failing to meet the requirements of efficient production in microbial fermentation enterprises.
Innovation Solution
A method involving enzyme preparations, such as nuclease, adenine deaminase, and guanine deaminase, is used to degrade yeast nucleic acids into bases and base derivatives, enhancing the content of adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine to 20000-40000 mg/kg, with controlled temperature and pH conditions during autolysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If yeast nucleic acids are only degraded to the level of nucleotides, then the degradation process is simple and quick, but the content of bases and base derivatives remains very low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-treating yeast cells with autolysis enzymes before the main degradation process. This preliminary breakdown of cell walls and membranes makes the subsequent nucleic acid degradation more efficient and complete, enabling the transformation of nucleotides into bases and base derivatives without requiring excessively complex multi-step processing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by controlling pH levels (adjusting to alkaline conditions with NaOH or NH3·H2O) and temperature during the degradation process. These parameter modifications optimize enzyme activity and facilitate the chemical transformations needed to convert nucleotides into bases and base derivatives, achieving high content without overly complex procedures
2Productivity
If existing yeast extracts are used, then the production process is simple, but the ability to promote microbial growth and metabolic production is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediary substances including specific enzymes (autolysis enzymes, nucleic acid降解 enzymes) and chemical agents (NaOH, NH3·H2O) that mediate the transformation process. These intermediaries enable the conversion of yeast nucleic acids into bioactive bases and base derivatives, significantly enhancing microbial growth promotion while maintaining a relatively simple overall process structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite degradation system combining multiple enzyme preparations (autolysis enzymes, nucleic acid降解 enzymes, proteases) working synergistically. This composite approach achieves comprehensive breakdown of yeast cells and nucleic acids into valuable components, improving productivity without requiring multiple separate complex processes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting yeast extract with high base and base derivative contents significantly promotes microbial growth and metabolism, as evidenced by increased adenosine production in microbial cultures.
Implementation Method 1
Enzymes that degrade yeast nucleic acids can be activated during yeast autolysis to degrade the yeast nucleic acids into bases and base derivatives
Implementation Method 2
using certain exogenous enzymes to promote the degradation of intracellular proteins and nucleic acids under appropriate conditions
Implementation Method 3
changing the medium environment, using certain exogenous enzymes to promote the degradation of intracellular proteins and nucleic acids under appropriate conditions
Data Source
AI summary
A yeast extract with high base and base derivative contents and a method for preparing same. The yeast extract with high base and base derivative contents provided herein comprises 20000-40000 mg/kg of bases and base derivatives. The yeast extract provided herein is rich in bases and base derivatives that can be more easily absorbed by microorganisms than nucleotides, thus having a high effect on promoting microbial growth.