High-Speed Target Angle of Arrival Estimation via 2D Spectrum
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional array signal processing technologies struggle to accurately estimate the angle of arrival and angular velocity of multiple targets moving at high speeds due to performance deterioration and dispersion effects, especially when differentiating closely moving targets.
Innovation Solution
The method combines local polynomial approximation beamforming with the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) high-resolution subspace direction finding method, using pre-steered or transform vectors to derive a two-dimensional spectrum, effectively resolving the angle of arrival and angular velocity with enhanced resolution by treating targets as stationary within an observation time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional array signal processing technologies are used to estimate angle of arrival of moving targets, then the estimation can be performed, but performance deterioration occurs and dispersion effect prevents accurate estimation of high-speed targets
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter representation by introducing angular velocity as an additional dimension alongside angle of arrival. This transforms the estimation problem from a one-dimensional angle estimation to a two-dimensional joint estimation of angle and angular velocity, thereby resolving the dispersion effect that plagues conventional single-parameter methods when targets move at high speeds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds a new dimension (angular velocity) to the traditional angle of arrival estimation problem. By constructing a two-dimensional spectrum that jointly estimates both angle of arrival and angular velocity, the method creates an additional degree of freedom that separates closely moving targets that would otherwise be indistinguishable in conventional single-dimensional approaches.
2Adaptability or versatility
If LPA beamforming method is used to estimate angle of arrival and angular velocity, then multiple targets moving at different angular velocities can be differentiated, but the resolution is the same as conventional beamformer and closely moving targets cannot be differentiated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two different approaches: the motion compensation capability of LPA beamforming (which handles targets at different angular velocities) with the high-resolution spectral estimation capability of MUSIC algorithm. This combination preserves the ability to differentiate targets at different angular velocities while simultaneously achieving high angular resolution for closely spaced targets.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite estimation method that combines elements of beamforming (for motion handling) and subspace methods like MUSIC (for high resolution). This composite approach leverages the strengths of both methodologies to achieve both angular velocity differentiation and high angular resolution, overcoming the limitations of using either method alone.
3Measurement precision
If high resolution is achieved for angle of arrival estimation, then closely moving targets can be differentiated, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary motion compensation using LPA beamforming to estimate and remove the effects of target motion (both angle and angular velocity) before applying the high-resolution MUSIC algorithm. This preliminary action simplifies the subsequent spectral estimation by transforming moving targets into effectively stationary targets in the compensated domain, reducing the computational burden of achieving high resolution.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for estimating an angle of arrival of multiple targets moving at a high speed includes defining a range and a resolving power of an angle of arrival and an angular velocity of a plurality of direction finding targets (S1100), setting minimum values of the angle of arrival and the angular velocity within the range to be a set angle of arrival and a set angular velocity (S1200), and adding angle of arrival resolution and angular velocity resolution to the set angle of arrival and the set angular velocity, respectively, deriving a two-dimensional spatial spectrum of a transformed incident signal using a pre-steered vector until the angle of arrival and the angular velocity become a maximum value, and estimating a peak value of the spatial spectrum as a measured angle of arrival and a measured angular velocity of the target (S1300).