HUD Transparent Pane Coating for Image Clarity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Head-up display systems in vehicles face issues with image projection quality, particularly due to unwanted reflections and color inaccuracies when using laminated glass panes with existing coatings, leading to double images and poor color neutrality.

Innovation Solution

A head-up display system with an imaging unit and a transparent pane featuring a multi-layer electrically conductive coating, including layers of optically highly refractive materials and silver-containing layers, applied at specific thicknesses and configurations to minimize reflections and enhance color neutrality, with a wedge-shaped cross-section to reduce double images.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a transparent pane with existing coatings is used for head-up display projection, then the structural stability and viewing area requirements are met, but unwanted reflections and color inaccuracies occur leading to poor image quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural stabilityVSAvoidunwanted reflections
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The coating is divided into multiple functional layers (first functional layer, second functional layer, third functional layer) with distinct purposes. The first layer provides electrical conductivity with silver, the second layer optimizes optical properties with high refractive index materials, and the third layer enhances durability and optical performance. This segmentation allows each layer to address specific requirements without compromising others.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a composite coating structure combining different materials with complementary properties: silver for electrical conductivity, high refractive index materials (such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or silicon dioxide) for optical optimization, and protective materials for durability. This composite approach enables simultaneous achievement of electrical, optical, and mechanical requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Power

If existing electrically conductive coatings are applied to the transparent pane, then heating function is provided, but color neutrality and image projection quality deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating powerVSAvoidcolor neutrality
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the coating have different compositions and thicknesses optimized for their specific functions. The first functional layer contains silver for electrical conductivity and heating, while the second functional layer has high refractive index materials with specific thicknesses (5-50 nm) to optimize optical interference and color neutrality. This local optimization allows simultaneous achievement of heating power and color accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes specific parameters including layer thicknesses (5-50 nm for the second functional layer), refractive indices (1.8-2.5 for the second functional layer), and material compositions to achieve both adequate heating power and color neutrality. By carefully controlling these parameters, the coating maintains electrical performance while minimizing color distortion in the projected image.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If a multi-layer coating structure is implemented to improve image quality, then color neutrality and reflection minimization are enhanced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage projection qualityVSAvoidcoating structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple functions are merged into a single integrated coating structure applied to the transparent pane. The electrical conductivity, heating function, optical optimization, and protective properties are all combined in one multi-layer coating system rather than requiring separate components. This merging reduces overall system complexity while maintaining high image projection quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The multi-layer coating serves multiple functions simultaneously: the first functional layer provides electrical conductivity and heating, the second functional layer optimizes optical properties and color neutrality, and the third functional layer provides protection and additional optical enhancement. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate components and simplifies the overall system architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a high level of color neutrality and sufficient heating power while minimizing reflections, resulting in a clear, true-color image projection that reduces unwanted double images and improves overall image quality.

Implementation Method 1

The s-polarized light hits the composite window at a certain angle of incidence and is at least partially refracted both into the composite window and reflected as s-polarized light into the driver's field of vision

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

a transparent pane (1) with a transparent substrate and at least one electrically conductive coating (2) with at least one functional layer (3) on at least one surface of the transparent substrate (1)... a projection surface being provided for reflecting at least part of the image

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

Each functional layer (3) comprises at least one layer of optically highly refractive material (4)... which has a refractive index of more than 1.8 and more than 2.5... Each functional layer (3) comprises a first adaptation layer (5), an electrically conductive layer (6) and a second adaptation layer (7)...

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical interference: Interference

Implementation Method 4

The pane may have an electrical heating function based on transparent electrical coatings. Such electrically conductive coatings can have multiple metallic and dielectric thin layers. Coatings based on thin silver layers can be produced inexpensively and are resistant to aging.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3458899B1Head-up display system
Publication Date: 2022.04.06 SAINT GOBAIN VITRAGE SA
  • EP3458899B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3458899B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3458899B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a head-up display system comprising an imaging unit for generating an image on a projection surface, the projection surface being provided for reflecting at least one part of the image (23), wherein the projection surface comprises a transparent screen having a transparent substrate (1) and at least one electrically conductive coating (2) with at least one functional layer (3) on at least one surface of the transparent substrate (1).